Journal of Social Science is a double blind peer-reviewed academic journal and open access to social and scientific fields. The journal is published monthly once by Al-Makki Publisher. Journal of Social Science provides a means for sustained discussion of relevant issues that fall within the focus and scopes of the journal which can be examined empirically. The journal publishes research articles covering all aspects of social sciences, ranging from Archaeology, Geography, Economics, History, Law, Politics, Education, Sociology and Language that belong to the social context. Name: Journal of Social Science E-ISSN : 2963-8909 P-ISSN : 2963-1866 DOI : 10.46799 Period : Monthly Indexing and Abstracting : EBSCO, Google Scholar, Garuda, Copernicus Hijau, Dimension, Crossref, Base, Harvard University Publication Guidelines: COPE Guidelines Publisher : Al-Makki Publisher Society/ Institution : Singapore University of Social Sciences, Singapore 1st Issues of Publication: 2022
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International. that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
Scientific Article: The Strategic Role of the Indonesian National Police (Polri) in Empowering the Three Pillars of the State for National Security and Public Order Stability (Kamtibmas)
This study analyzes in depth the strategic role of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia (Polri) in empowering the three pillars of the state as a vital instrument to achieve National Security and Public Order (Kamtibmas) stability. Domestic political dynamics show high complexity, exacerbated by fluctuations in public participation that indicate a crisis of trust and potential social conflict. The National Police is positioned not only as a law enforcement actor but also as a political communication actor that functions as a mediator of the articulation of public interests and government policies. This qualitative research focuses on the effectiveness of the state tripillar synergy between the Executive, Legislature, and Judiciary, with an emphasis on the role of facilitation and education by the National Police. Specifically, this study finds that: the National Police's digital communication platforms reached over 170 million users but face credibility challenges due to past human rights violations; the mediation role of the Police in Musrenbang forums successfully bridged community-government communication gaps; legislative facilitation programs enhanced public access to the legislative process; and legal education initiatives by the Police improved community understanding of judicial procedures by enabling better access to justice. The results show that the integration of Political Communication Theory, Responsive Government Theory, and Community Policing Theory is absolutely necessary. The success of the National Police in utilizing digital platforms and dialogue forums will be decisive in building social trust and creating deliberative governance, which in turn is a prerequisite for achieving sustainable Kamtibmas.
Copyright (c) 2025 R. Nurcahyo Aji, Nani Nurani Musin, Rahmat Salam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of the Shifting Strategy of Civil Society Coalitions in Influencing Internal Police Policies (A Case Study of Disciplinary Regulations and the Code of Ethics)
This article analyzes the shift in the advocacy strategy of the Civil Society Coalition (KMS) in Indonesia in influencing the internal policies of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia (Polri). From confrontational street protests, KMS transformed into a more structured, collaborative, and focused approach on regulatory advocacy (lobbying and influencing the Disciplinary Regulations and Code of Ethics). This study aims to explore the factors driving this strategic shift and analyze its impact on internal police reform. Using a qualitative approach with a case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), and document analysis. The theoretical framework of Policy Advocacy and Social Networks is used to understand these dynamics. The results are expected to provide in-depth insights into the irreplaceable role of civil society in spurring accountability in law enforcement institutions and increasing public trust. The study found that structured, regulation-based advocacy—supported by multi-stakeholder networks and data utilization—proved more effective than confrontational approaches in driving long-term institutional reform.
Copyright (c) 2025 Iwan Susanto R, Nani Nurani Musin, Rahmat Salam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Application of the Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) in the Sunda Strait: A Literature Review
The Sunda Strait is one of Indonesia’s strategic maritime choke points, connecting the Indian Ocean with the Java Sea. The high volume of vessel traffic, complex geographical conditions, and limited navigation facilities pose significant risks of maritime accidents. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) approved the implementation of a Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) in the Sunda Strait on July 1, 2020, aimed at enhancing navigational safety and preventing marine pollution. This study employs a literature review method by analyzing international regulations, national laws, technical reports, and previous research. The review focuses on four aspects: navigational safety, traffic efficiency, environmental protection, and implementation challenges. Findings indicate that the TSS significantly contributes to reducing collision risks and improving maritime traffic order. However, challenges remain, including limited Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) facilities, compliance by foreign vessels, and inter-agency coordination. This study emphasizes the need for improved navigation infrastructure, AIS-based monitoring, and continuous awareness programs to optimize TSS implementation in the Sunda Strait.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nursyamsu Nursyamsu, Vidiana Anggeranika, Syairi Anwar, Rudi Harun Irwansyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of the Indonesian Air Force in Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW)
This study examines the role of the Indonesian National Army Air Force (TNI AU) in the implementation of Non-War Military Operations (OMSP), especially in the handling of non-natural disasters of the COVID-19 pandemic at the Raden Sadjad Air Force Base, Natuna. The COVID-19 pandemic is a non-traditional security threat that requires a rapid and coordinated response from various sectors, including the military. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, analyzing the role of the Indonesian Air Force based on Health Theory which includes the stages of pre-action, action, and post-action (maintenance). Data was collected through in-depth interviews with Indonesian Air Force officers, health workers, and local government officials, as well as direct observation and documentation studies. The results of the study show that the Indonesian Air Force, especially the Raden Sadjad Base, played a strategic role in the quarantine of 238 Indonesian citizens from Wuhan in February 2020, the distribution of health logistics, and coordination with various agencies. However, there are significant challenges in the form of limited regulations regarding the operational procedures of the Indonesian Air Force in dealing with non-military threats in the form of dangerous viruses, coordination between institutions that are not optimal, limited infrastructure including defense equipment that is not commensurate with the size of the area, and gaps in human resource capacity. Analysis using Health Theory revealed that the pre-action stage requires strengthening through the preparation of clear Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and strengthening preventive coordination,
Copyright (c) 2025 Ari Sujatmiko, Evi Satispi, Maya Puspita Dewi, Asep Kurnia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analyzing the Use of Artificial Intelligence for Optimizing Crewing Management Systems in Indonesian Shipping Companies: A Literature Review
The shipping industry relies heavily on efficient crewing management to ensure safe vessel operations and compliance with national and international regulations. In Indonesia, crewing management faces persistent challenges, including complex documentation procedures, manual data processing, high administrative workloads, and limited integration between human resource systems and operational platforms. With the rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, maritime companies increasingly explore AI-based solutions to optimize decision-making, automate routine processes, and enhance overall crew management performance. This study conducts a systematic literature review to analyze the potential, limitations, and implementation models of AI within the context of crewing management systems (CMS). The result shows that AI significantly improves crew scheduling accuracy, reduces administrative workload by up to 40%, enhances regulatory compliance monitoring, and supports predictive analytics for crew performance and turnover. The study concludes that AI-enabled CMS could transform Indonesia’s shipping operations, although challenges remain in terms of digital readiness, data quality, cybersecurity, and regulatory frameworks. Recommendations are provided to support Indonesian shipping companies in adopting AI-driven crewing management solutions
Copyright (c) 2025 Yollanda Octavitri, Raden Novi Andri Setiawan, Pramudyasari Nur Bintari, Rabbani Ischak, Weli Agus Setiawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Juridical Analysis of Constitutional Court Decision No. 119/PUUXXIII/2025: Strengthening the Protection of Human Rights and The Environment In Indonesia
This study aims to conduct a normative juridical analysis of environmental criminal law in Indonesia, the protection of human rights within the Indonesian legal framework, and the implications of Constitutional Court Decision Number 119/PUU-XXIII/2025 in reinforcing human rights and environmental protection. Employing a case study approach, this research utilizes normative juridical methodology. The findings indicate that environmental criminal law in Indonesia is governed by several limitations, including regulatory deficiencies, inadequate public awareness, and insufficient law enforcement. The Constitutional Court Decision Number 119/PUU-XXIII/2025 represents a significant step towards strengthening human rights and environmental protection. John Rawls' theory of justice is applied to examine the implementation of law and bolster the protection of human rights and the environment. This study is expected to contribute to the understanding of environmental criminal law and human rights protection in Indonesia, as well as provide recommendations for enhancing the implementation of environmental criminal law and human rights protection in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Suhartoyo Suhartoyo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis Public Sector Leadership and Influencing Factors Service Licensing in Government Regency Bojonegoro
Research This aim For analyze Public Sector Leadership in service licensing in the government Regency Bojonegoro and for analyze supporting and inhibiting factors in Public Sector Leadership in service licensing in the government Regency Bojonegoro. Research This approach qualitative method studies case. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, documentation, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Data analysis was carried out with a number of stages, which is open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The process of analyzing and extracting data conclusions researchers also use technique triangulation, namely triangulation method, between researchers, data sources and theories. The results of study This show draft Public Sector Leadership can increase service public field licensing optimally in the Regency Bojonegoro. Public Sector Leadership carried out by the Head of the Bojonegoro Regency Bojonegoro realized with existence commitment leader, style leadership and culture unified organization with room scope performance as well as existence plan proper work. Factors influential supporters Public Sector Leadership in service licensing in the Regency Bojonegoro is : commitment tall Regional Head, culture appropriate organization with room scope performance government, the existence of motivation and innovation from Regional Heads and transparency. Meanwhile, the factor inhibitor among others: sources Power apparatus that has not Can follow initiative leaders and dependencies public to leaders, lack of appreciation leader to performance employee, not yet complete regulations field licensing and society Still Not yet used to with technology.
Copyright (c) 2025 Setyo Hartono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Perception of Waqf (Endowment) in Indonesian Society: Exploring the Dynamics of Sale, Exchange, and Legal Understanding
This study explores the multifaceted perceptions of Waqf (Islamic endowment) within Indonesian society, examining its understanding as a form of perpetual charity (amal jariyah), its relationship with general alms (sadaqah), and its traditional limitation to physical assets. It further investigates the implications of a limited legal understanding on Waqf management and development. Employing a qualitative, descriptive-analytical approach, this research is based on a comprehensive literature review. Data were gathered from scholarly articles, institutional reports, legal documents (notably Law No. 41 of 2004), and Islamic primary sources, and analyzed thematically. The study reveals that while Waqf is strongly perceived as amal jariyah, providing significant spiritual motivation, public understanding often remains simplistic. Waqf is frequently conflated with general sadaqah, and its scope is predominantly viewed as limited to immovable assets like land and buildings. This is coupled with a widespread lack of literacy regarding the legal pillars of Waqf, the potential of productive and cash Waqf, and the regulatory framework, leading to challenges in management, underutilization of assets, and risks of misuse. The findings indicate a critical gap between spiritual intent and comprehensive legal-economic understanding. Enhancing systematic public education, clarifying distinctions between Waqf and other charitable forms, promoting non-physical Waqf models, and strengthening legal socialization are essential to optimize Waqf’s role as a sustainable instrument for socio-economic development in Indonesia
Copyright (c) 2025 Wahyudi Sarju Abdurrahim, Syamsul Hadi, Khotibul Umam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Transformation of Indonesian Criminal Law: Examining the Integration of Restorative Justice and Customary Institutions in the New Criminal Code
The global criminal law phenomenon shows a paradigm shift from retributive logic to restorative justice, along with increasing recognition of pluralism in local norms and values. In Indonesia, this change is embodied in Law No. 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code, which will come into effect on January 2, 2026, and affirms the mission of decolonization, modernization, and harmonization of criminal law. However, the integration of the formal norms of the new Criminal Code and customary law through restorative mechanisms raises critical questions regarding legal certainty, criminal responsibility, and victim protection. This study uses normative legal research, with analysis of the text of the law, judicial decisions, and customary law literature. The results of the study show that the recognition of customary institutions in the restorative process strengthens social recovery and community involvement, but at the same time raises normative challenges such as inconsistent sanctions, low accountability, and the potential for local bias. This study concludes that an objective regulatory framework is needed, such as accreditation of customary institutions, minimum procedural guidelines, and sentencing guidelines, so that this integration can guarantee the principles of justice, legal certainty, and criminal accountability. This study contributes theoretically to the discourse on legal pluralism and provides practical policy recommendations for legislators and judicial institutions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dheny Wahyudhi, Herlambang Herlambang, Elly Sudarti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Research and Application of Cathodic Protection Technology for Underground Pipelines: A Case Study of the IPP Sumsel-5 Water Intake Project
Underground pipelines are exposed to continuous electrochemical corrosion during long-term service, which may result in reduced wall thickness, perforation, and leakage, posing serious risks to operational safety. This study examines the application of cathodic protection (CP) technology as an effective and economically viable corrosion prevention strategy, focusing on the underground water intake pipelines of the Sumsel-5 Independent Power Producer (IPP) project. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of a constant-potential CP system in controlling corrosion and maintaining pipeline integrity under real operational conditions. The study employed a case study approach, beginning with on-site assessments of environmental characteristics, corrosion patterns, and baseline electrochemical potential. Subsequent stages included CP system design, installation, and monitoring, with technical parameters tailored to site-specific requirements. Field measurements were conducted to evaluate performance, and maintenance procedures were documented to ensure long-term system stability. The results reveal that the implementation of the constant-potential CP system successfully maintained pipeline surface potential below –0.85 V relative to a saturated calomel electrode, meeting international protection standards. The system demonstrated consistent performance with significant reduction in corrosion risk and enhanced operational reliability. This study provides an applicable technical reference for similar water intake and underground transmission pipeline projects, highlighting the importance of integrated system design, monitoring, and maintenance in achieving sustainable corrosion protection.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wang Zhiliang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation of the Generation Gender (GEN-G) Rutgers Internasional Program in Gender Based Violence (GBV) Cases in Indonesia in 2023-2024
Gender-Based Violence (GBV) remains a pervasive human rights violation globally and a critical barrier to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 5 on gender equality. In Indonesia, the high number of reported GBV cases underscores the urgent need for effective intervention strategies. This research examines the implementation of the Generation Gender (Gen-G) program initiated by Rutgers International in addressing Gender-Based Violence (GBV) in Indonesia during the 2023–2024 period. As a transnational advocacy initiative, the program seeks to promote gender justice through youth empowerment and the institutional strengthening of civil society organizations in Jakarta, Bandung, and Palu. Employing a qualitative descriptive method and grounded in Keck and Sikkink’s Transnational Advocacy Networks (TANs) theory, the research analyzes Rutgers’ strategic use of four key tactics: information politics, symbolic politics, leverage politics, and accountability politics. The findings reveal that Rutgers International has successfully established strategic advocacy networks with local actors such as Yayasan Gemilang Sehat Indonesia, Koalisi Perempuan Indonesia, and LBH APIK, enabling a context-specific and inclusive response to GBV. Despite these advances, structural barriers, deeply rooted patriarchal norms, and limited policy support remain significant challenges to full program effectiveness. This study underscores the critical role of transnational networks and multi-sectoral collaboration in advancing gender-sensitive policy reform and social transformation. Furthermore, it contributes to the broader discourse in international relations by highlighting the strategic influence of non-state actors in the diffusion of global gender norms at the local level.
Copyright (c) 2025 Putri Nabila, Agung Prina Utama, Sintia Catur Sutantri, Risalatu Mirajiah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Organizational Change Management and Innovation as a Performance Improvement Strategy in the Industrial Transformation Era 4.0
The Fourth Industrial Revolution has fundamentally changed the global business landscape, forcing organizations to adapt quickly through digital transformation. However, 60–70% of digital transformation projects fail due to weak change management practices, so a comprehensive framework that integrates change management, organizational innovation, and performance in the context of Industry 4.0 is needed. This research aims to develop and test a model that explains how organizational change management and innovation function as a performance improvement strategy during the transformation of Industry 4.0, by examining the mediating role of organizational innovation and identifying the key dimensions of change management (human, organizational, technical, and leadership factors). The research design used an explanatory quantitative approach with 300 respondents from manufacturing and service companies in Indonesia who have applied Industry 4.0 technology. Data was collected through a 7-point Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 4.0. The results showed that change management had a significant effect on innovation (? = 0.685, p < 0.001) and performance (? = 0.312, p < 0.001), while organizational innovation was also significant on performance (? = 0.524, p < 0.001). The model explains 46.9% innovation variance and 67.3% performance with partial mediation (VAF = 53.5%).
Copyright (c) 2025 Vika Fransisca https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Navigating Misinformation in Organizational Coaching: A Systematic Literature Review of Fake News Impact on Leadership Culture and Performance Indicators
The proliferation of digital misinformation has fundamentally altered organizational information environments, creating serious challenges for leadership development, coaching culture, and performance management systems. Despite growing research on fake news and digital communication ethics, there remains limited understanding of how misinformation directly influences organizational dynamics. This research aims to synthesize empirical and conceptual evidence on the impact of misinformation on the integrity of coaching culture, leadership authenticity, and the reliability of performance indicators. Employing a systematic literature review (SLR) based on PRISMA 2020 guidelines, data were collected from Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Emerald Insight, covering publications between 2013 and 2025. From an initial pool of 1,246 studies, 102 articles met the inclusion criteria after rigorous screening and quality appraisal. Data were extracted and coded using standardized templates, and thematic analysis, complemented by bibliometric mapping (VOSviewer 1.6.20), was conducted to identify major conceptual domains. Four central themes emerged: misinformation and organizational communication, leadership integrity and ethical vulnerability, the resilience of coaching culture, and the reliability of performance indicators. Results reveal that misinformation erodes trust in communication, promotes unethical leadership behavior, and distorts organizational performance data. This review integrates information integrity theory, ethical leadership frameworks, and coaching culture models to propose the concept of informational authenticity, which refers to an organization’s capacity to maintain transparent, verifiable, and ethical communication flows. Maintaining information integrity is, therefore, a strategic necessity for sustaining ethical leadership and coaching excellence in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2025 Septien Dwi Savandha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Development of Traditional Game Model 'Etu' to Improve Physical Fitness with Sportsmanship in Elementary School Students in Nagekeo Regency
This research aims to develop a physical education teaching model for elementary school students to develop and improve physical fitness with sportsmanship characteristics. This research was carried out because of students' difficulties participating in physical education lessons, and students tend to spend time playing on gadgets and online games. Physical education learning is part of the overall educational process, aiming to improve human performance through physical activity to develop and maintain the body. Based on these problems, researchers are increasingly confident in innovating by developing a traditional game model, 'Etu' (Traditional Boxing), to improve physical fitness with sportsmanship characteristics in elementary school students in Nagekeo district, East Nusa Tenggara. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D), which is used to develop the traditional game model 'Etu' (Traditional Boxing) to improve physical fitness with sportsmanship characteristics. The R&D research used by researchers is the ADDIE development model developed by Dick and Carry. The ADDIE model consists of 5 development stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Research results from research on developing the traditional Etu (traditional boxing) game model to improve physical fitness characterized by sportsmanship as a learning model equipped with a guidebook. After the physical education learning research products are validated by experts, they are suitable for a physical education lesson. It is a learning model that develops and improves the physical fitness and sportsmanship character of elementary school students.
Copyright (c) 2025 Timoteus Ajito, Konradus Silvester Jenahut , Osniman Paulina Maure https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pluralism As The Foundation of National Life From The Perspective of Pancasila Values
Indonesia as a pluralistic nation makes pluralism an important basis for national life. Diversity can only be maintained in harmony if it is based on the values of Pancasila which emphasizes humanity, justice, and unity. Thus, Pancasila is the main guideline in strengthening pluralism and maintaining the integrity of the nation. The problems faced in this writing are how the values of Pancasila can be implemented effectively in strengthening pluralism as the basis of national life in Indonesia and what are the main challenges and obstacles in realizing a pluralistic national life based on Pancasila values in the midst of modern social and political dynamics. The research method used is normative juridical law research. The results of the study show that Pancasila values play an important role in strengthening pluralism as the basis of national life. Through the application of the principles of humanity, unity, and justice, Pancasila becomes a guideline in managing diversity in harmony and maintaining the social cohesion of the nation. The main challenges in realizing Pancasila-based pluralism are the weak internalization of national values, increasing intolerance, and the influence of globalization. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen character education and the active role of the government and society to foster awareness of the importance of pluralism for the integrity of the nation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Laurensia Mutiara Anindya, Meiriyana Lim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Transformational Leadership And Nurses’ Citizenship Behavior: The Mediating Effects of Organizational Culture and Commitment In a Public Hospital of East Kalimantan Indonesia
High-quality healthcare depends not only on clinical competence but also on nurses’ willingness to engage in behaviors that exceed formal job expectations, known as organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). This study examines how transformational leadership influences nurses’ OCB through the mediating roles of organizational culture and organizational commitment at RSUD Inche Abdoel Moeis Samarinda, a regional public hospital in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional survey of 155 nurses, data were analyzed through Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that transformational leadership significantly strengthens organizational culture and commitment, both of which positively affect nurses’ OCB. Organizational culture enhances teamwork, trust, and initiative, while organizational commitment fosters loyalty and responsibility. Moreover, the indirect effects indicate that transformational leadership influences OCB primarily through culture and commitment, suggesting a dual mediation mechanism. These findings expand the theoretical understanding of leadership-driven behavioral outcomes and highlight the importance of cultivating supportive cultural values and emotional bonds within public healthcare institutions. Practically, hospital leaders should reinforce transformational leadership practices, participatory communication, and fair recognition systems to build stronger organizational culture and commitment, thereby promoting proactive, patient-centered behavior among nursing staff.
Copyright (c) 2025 Randi Saputra, Zainal Ilmi, Irwan Gani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Juridical Study on the Negligence of Coal Mining Companies on Corporate Social Responsibility for the Community Affected by Mining Activities
Coal mining activities in Indonesia have a significant social and environmental impact on the communities around the mining area. In this context, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a legal and social instrument that must be carried out by the company as a form of responsibility to the affected communities. This study aims to juridically analyze the forms of negligence of mining companies in the implementation of CSR, as well as evaluate the effectiveness of regulations that regulate these obligations. With a normative juridical approach and case studies, this study identifies legal loopholes, weak supervision, and lack of community participation in the implementation of CSR. The results of the study show that CSR negligence by coal mining companies occurs in various forms, ranging from the absence of relevant CSR programs to manipulative and unsustainable implementation. The impact includes economic losses, environmental damage, social conflicts, and human rights violations. Legally, this negligence can be categorized as an unlawful act (PMH) and gives rise to civil and criminal liability. However, law enforcement is still weak due to the absence of standard CSR implementation standards and limited public access to legal mechanisms. This study recommends reform of CSR regulations through strengthening legal sanctions, establishing independent supervisory bodies, and implementing rights-based approaches in the implementation of CSR. With these steps, it is hoped that the negligence of mining companies can be minimized and the affected communities obtain fairer and more sustainable legal protection.
Copyright (c) 2025 Laurensia Mutiara Anindya, Meiriana Meiriana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Media, Culture, And Society: Social Interaction In The Digital Era - A Study Of The Music Community On Tiktok Indonesia
In the current era of globalization, the development of media technology is taking place very rapidly, giving birth to various digital innovations such as social media. Social media becomes a virtual space that allows individuals to form social networks based on similar interests, activities, and collective identities. One of the platforms that is now the center of digital interaction is TikTok, especially in the music community such as K-Pop, indie, and dangdut. This study uses the theory of symbolic interactionism to understand how individuals in the music community on TikTok shape meaning, identity, and social relationships through symbolic interactions. This theory emphasizes that identity and social reality are not fixed, but are formed through a process of interaction that is loaded with symbols, whether through comments, videos, dance challenges, to collaborative features such as duets and stitches. TikTok is not only a space to express musical preferences, but it is also an arena where social interactions are actively constructed and negotiated. The findings in this study show that participation in the TikTok music community is a form of meaningful communication that shows social connectedness, cultural identification, and digital dynamics in contemporary society.
Copyright (c) 2025 Moch. Abdullah Faqih, Lintang Dinar Andari, Rinna Ardina Novriani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Rethinking the Democratic Participant Media Theory for African Development and Good Governance: Issues and Perspectives from Nigeria
This research examines the role of the Democratic-Participant Media Theory (DPMT) in promoting development and good governance in Africa, with a specific focus on Nigeria. Employing a qualitative analytical research approach, the study builds on an extensive review of literature from scholarly journals, books, and institutional reports. The findings indicate that African nations, particularly Nigeria, continue to grapple with political instability and underdevelopment, partly due to the ineffective application of imported Western democratic models and media frameworks. Denis McQuail's Democratic-Participant Media Theory is presented as a viable alternative that emphasizes grassroots participation, access to media, and the democratization of communication. The theory supports the use of media—including small-scale and local outlets—to enhance civic engagement, hold government accountable, and foster inclusive development. This study concludes that adopting DPMT can strengthen democratic processes, amplify citizen voices, and contribute to sustainable governance and development in Africa. It urges African leaders and policymakers to leverage media pluralism and participatory communication to achieve lasting political and socioeconomic progress.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ifeanyi Martins Nwokeocha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dialoguing the Qur'an's Pronoun (Damir) and Gender Equality
This study examines the emergence of damir and analyzes its distribution across 114 surahs of the Qur'an to address key questions regarding the relationship between the use of damir, the adaptation of damir to the phenomenon of taghlib, and the discourse on gender equality. It employs a mixed-methods approach based on full corpus analysis, combined with the spirit of maqasid al-shari'ah, and engages perspectives from both classical and contemporary Islamic thinkers, as well as hermeneutics scholars concerned with this issue. The findings show that the form and occurrence of damir do not indicate the superiority of any gender; rather, they must be understood according to the linguistic rule of taghlib. The study concludes that the distribution of damir in the Qur'an represents a divine communication strategy that avoids gender bias in Qur'anic language, a conclusion that can be demonstrated through scientific analysis.
Copyright (c) 2025 Akhmad Luthfi Mubarok https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Law Enforcement on The Misuse of "Brong" Exhaust Pipes in The Community Within The Jurisdiction of Bali Regional Police
The Law Enforcement carried out by the Bali Regional Police in handling the use of brong exhausts is by enforcing traffic regulations, conducting compliant operations, providing services to the community, conducting patrols, conducting raids, and the Bali Regional Police also provide appeals regarding violations or driving regulations in the form of socialization to schools and the community and also providing appeals to shops selling brong exhausts not to sell brong exhausts. The obstacles for the Bali regional police in preventing violations by two-wheeled motor vehicle drivers that occur in their jurisdiction are internal and external obstacles. There are three internal obstacles experienced by the Bali Regional Police Traffic Police, including lack of socialization to the community, limited budget and lack of facilities and infrastructure. In addition to internal obstacles, there are also three external obstacles including lack of cooperation between the traffic police and other agencies related to traffic, low level of legal awareness of two-wheeled motor vehicle drivers, and also non-compliance by drivers with applicable regulations because there are always those who violate them. From these obstacles, the police continue to strive as their obligation to create a safe situation and condition for all parties.
Copyright (c) 2025 I Made Dwiseptya Wiranta Putra, Erikson Sihotang, Anak Agung Gde Putra Arjawa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Evaluation of The National Mental Revolution Movement Policy in Increasing Inter and Intra-Religious Tolerance and Harmony (Study in The Special Capital Region of Jakarta Province)
This study aims to evaluate the policies of the National Movement for Mental Revolution (GNRM) in increasing tolerance and inter-religious harmony in DKI Jakarta Province. The problems behind this study are the increase in hoaxes, hate speech, intolerance and radicalism in society, as well as the erosion of the values of mutual cooperation and unity. The underlying theory of this study is the Stufflebeam evaluation model with the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) approach. This study uses a qualitative method with an analytical descriptive approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The research informants consisted of 20 people representing policy makers, policy implementers, policy targets, policy evaluators, and expert speakers. Data analysis uses data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing techniques. The results of the study show that from the aspect of context evaluation, GNRM policies have identified the needs of the community in building tolerance. From the aspect of input evaluation, there is cross-sectoral stakeholder involvement but there are still budget and resource limitations. From the aspect of process evaluation, the implementation of the program is running but has not been optimal in reaching all levels of society. From the aspect of product evaluation, there is a positive but not significant impact on increasing the index of religious harmony. Supporting factors include government commitment and stakeholder support, while inhibiting factors include budget limitations, coordination between agencies that are not optimal, and strong narratives of intolerance on social media.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mukhammad Fahrurozi, Fernandes Simangunsong https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Resolution Of Non-Performing Loans For Kur Guaranteed By Pt. Jamkrindo Denpasar Branch
Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) is one of the government’s programs aimed at empowering Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through the provision of interest subsidies to KUR channeling institutions and guarantee fees to guarantee institutions. One of the institutions that provides guarantees for KUR is PT Jaminan Kredit Indonesia (Jamkrindo). As a guarantor, PT Jamkrindo plays a crucial role in ensuring the sustainability of the KUR program, particularly by facilitating financing for MSMEs that are feasible but not bankable—those that are commercially viable but unable to meet conventional lending requirements such as collateral. However, in practice, many KUR loans face repayment issues and fall into the category of Non-Performing Loans (NPLs). This study aims to analyze the KUR guarantee mechanism and the settlement of NPLs by PT Jamkrindo Denpasar Branch Office. The research employs a normative legal method with a statutory and legal theory approach. The findings indicate that PT Jamkrindo applies an indirect guarantee scheme based on Conditional Automatic Cover (CAC). Nevertheless, the mechanism for subrogation or transfer of claim rights after claim payment lacks strict sanctions for KUR channeling institutions that fail to transfer these rights to Jamkrindo. This regulatory gap may result in financial losses for PT Jamkrindo and create an additional fiscal burden for the state.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dwi Pranoto, Ni Ketut Wiratny, I Made Mulyawan Subawa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Effectiveness Of Civil Judgment Execution In The Semarapura District Court
The execution of civil court decisions is a decisive stage in the enforcement of justice and serves as a test of the effectiveness of the judicial system. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the execution of civil judgments at the Semarapura District Court using an empirical juridical approach. The results show that although the legal basis and execution procedures are clearly regulated, their implementation in practice still faces various obstacles. Data from 2022–2024 indicate that only a portion of execution requests are successfully implemented, while the rest fail or are withdrawn due to structural, substantial, and cultural barriers. Key challenges include the limited number of bailiffs, insufficient supporting facilities, unclear court orders, changes in the status of disputed objects, and strong community resistance rooted in local customs and kinship values. The Semarapura District Court has made several efforts, such as increasing coordination with security forces, involving community leaders, providing bailiff training, and digitizing administration. Ultimately, the effectiveness of execution depends on the synergy between legal substance, institutional structure, legal culture, supporting facilities, and the level of legal awareness in society. Multi-stakeholder collaboration is needed to ensure that law enforcement through civil execution is effective, fair, and socially harmonious.
Copyright (c) 2025 A.A. Sagung Yuni Wulantrisna, Ni Ketut Wiratny, Erikson Sihotang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Relationship between Knowledge Level and Scabies Prevention Behavior among Adolescents at Pondok Pesantren X Mojokerto
Copyright (c) 2025 Nahwa Shofiyul ‘Aqilah, Choirotussanijah Choirotussanijah, Handayani Handayani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Collaborative Governance In Post-Covid-19 Economic Recovery: A Case Study Of The "Mustika Desa" Program In Temanggung Regency
This study explores the collaborative process in the Mustika Desa program in Temanggung Regency. The collaboration phenomenon in this program involves various cross-sector actors who are interested in recovering the economy after the Covid-19 pandemic. This study is interesting because addressing complex public issues is often ineffective if actors work in isolation, while collaboration opens up space for the unification of resources, knowledge, and interests to achieve a common goal. Therefore, this study focuses on the process of collaboration stages in the Mustika Desa program. The study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, combining theoretical frameworks with empirical findings in the field. The analysis unit is focused on Temanggung Regency, with primary data obtained through in-depth interviews with key informants, as well as secondary data from previous studies and official documents of related institutions. This study found that the collaboration process in the Mustika Desa program takes place through four main stages: formal and informal face-to-face dialogue to unite views; building trust and commitment that triggers participation; the formation of mutual understanding through the agreement of rules and concrete support; and the achievement of temporary results in the form of positive dynamics in three priority programs—Yard Farmers, Land Conservation, and Waste-Free Villages—which are adjusted to the aspirations of the community and local conditions. As a form of actors' choice of strategy, collaboration is a mechanism to bridge obstacles and take advantage of opportunities from formal policies, while ensuring that programs remain relevant to the needs
Copyright (c) 2025 Aksan Aksan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of The Police in The Implementation of Sexual Violence Crimes in The Jurisdiction of The Bali Police
Sexual violence crimes have become a significant concern in Indonesian society, particularly in tourist destinations like Bali, where cases involve both domestic and international victims. Despite existing legal frameworks, the investigation of sexual violence crimes in Bali faces numerous obstacles that may hinder effective law enforcement and the delivery of justice. This study aims to analyze the implementation role of police investigators in handling sexual violence crimes within the Bali Police jurisdiction and to identify the obstacles encountered during the investigation process. This research employed an empirical legal research method using qualitative descriptive analysis. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with investigators from Sub-directorate IV of the Directorate of Criminal Investigation of the Bali Police, field observations, and document analysis. The investigation process follows established legal procedures, including report reception, case administration, witness examination, evidence collection, arrest, search, seizure, suspect examination, and case completion. Key obstacles identified include internal factors (such as language barriers with foreign victims and limited specialized training) and external factors (including uncooperative victims due to trauma, lack of witnesses and evidence, delayed reporting, and challenges with victims having special needs). The findings highlight the need for enhanced training programs for investigators, improved victim support services, and strengthened inter-agency coordination to effectively address sexual violence crimes in diverse jurisdictional contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Putu Rani Aryanti, H. Nurianto RS, I Made Mulyawan Subawa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Customer Satisfaction Mediates The in-Fluence of Store Atmosphere and Service Quality on Customer Loyalty
The purpose of this study is to explain the role of customer satisfaction mediates the influence of store atmosphere and service quality on customer loyalty (a study on Warung Kopi Jenar Kaliasem customers). The theory used is the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) theory. This research employed a non-random sampling method. The population in this study consists of people in Denpasar City with a minimum education level of high school or equivalent who have visited and purchased products at Warung Kopi Jenar at least twice within six months. The sample selection method used was judgment sampling, with a total of 120 respondents. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires. The data analysis technique used in this study was PLS-based SEM. The results show that store atmosphere and service quality have a positive and significant effect on both customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Customer satisfaction also has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. Mediation analysis indicates that store atmosphere and service quality affect customer loyalty through customer satisfaction. The theoretical implications of this study reveal that store atmosphere and service quality influence customer loyalty not only directly but also indirectly through customer satisfaction as a mediating factor. Practically, these findings provide strategic insights for the managers of Warung Kopi Jenar regarding the important role of customer satisfaction in mediating the influence of store atmosphere and service quality on customer loyalty.
Copyright (c) 2025 I Made Michael Wijana, Gede Bayu Rahanatha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Effectiveness of Using Sniper Dogs in Assistance With Security And Investigation of Criminal Cases in The Bali Regional Police Police Unit
Crime is nothing new, its forms and types are increasingly developing along with the times. Various methods and efforts are made to find effective and appropriate ways to overcome this problem. The Indonesian National Police as law enforcers have the duty and responsibility to take action to prevent and overcome criminal acts. The police also have an important role as investigators. This is in accordance with the statement of Article 1 number 1 of the Criminal Procedure Code, Investigation is a subsystem of the investigation which aims to collect initial evidence which will later be used at the investigation stage. In an effort to collect tools and evidence that are indicated as traces of a crime, one of the means used by the Police is the use of tracking dogs or known as the K-9 Animal Unit.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Putu Tesya Sumita Dewi, H. Nurianto RS, H Sobandi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation of Public Policy for Electronic-Based Business Licensing Services at The Bangli Regency Investment Office and PTSP
This study aims to analyze the implementation of electronic business licensing policies at the Bangli Regency Investment and One-Stop Integrated Services Office (DPMPTSP). This research focuses on three main aspects: the policy implementation process, the challenges faced, and the efforts made to improve the quality of business licensing services through the Online Single Submission – Risk Based Approach (OSS-RBA) system. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method, employing in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis. The findings show that although the OSS-RBA policy has been implemented, it has not achieved optimal results. Key challenges include low digital literacy among the public, limited IT infrastructure, uneven technical capacity of human resources, and a lack of integration between national and regional licensing systems. In response, DPMPTSP Bangli has undertaken several initiatives, such as providing OSS assistance services, in-house technical training, and developing digital-based public communication. The study concludes that the successful implementation of OSS-RBA is highly dependent on technological readiness, bureaucratic competence, and effective inter-agency coordination.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Luh Komang Sri Irawati, I Made Sudiarkajaya, I Wayan Majuarsa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0