Wawan Kurniawan | joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

171

JoSS:

Journal of Social Science

THE ROLE OF SOCIAL NURSING IN IMPROVING PUBLIC HEALTH

Wawan Kurniawan

Universitas YPIB Majalengka Indonesia

[email protected]

KEYWORDS

Social nursing,

Health, and

Society.

KATA KUNCI

Keperawatan sosial,

Kesehatan, dan

Masyarakat

ARTICLE INFO

Accepted:

01 December 2022

Revised:

04 December 2022

Approved:

05 December 2022

ABSTRACT

Health has an important role in carrying out daily activities comfortably

and safely. Without health, life becomes less effective and efficient

because whatever is done to humans depends on their level of health. One

way that is considered capable of improving public health is through

social nursing that goes directly to the community. Therefore, researchers

want to carry out research on the role of social nursing in improving

public health. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not

the role of social nursing in improving public health. The research method

used is descriptive qualitative with data collection through interviews,

observations, and documentation to 50 respondents in city X. The results

show that social nursing has a fairly large role, namely 70% in improving

public health with various programs it does such as waste management,

re-functioning water sewers, conducting weekly mutual assistance, clean

food awareness movements, self-care awareness movements, and literacy

awareness movements.

ABSTRAK

Kesehatan memiliki peran penting dalam melaksanan aktivitas sehari-hari

dengan nyaman dan aman. Tanpa adanya kesehatan maka kehidupan

menjadi kurang efektif dan efisien karena apapun yang dilakukan pada

manusia bergantung pada tingkat kesehatannya. Salah satu cara yang

dianggap mampu untuk meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat adalah

melalui keperawatan sosial yang langsung terjun ke masyarakat. Maka

dari itu, peneliti ingin melaksanakan penelitian mengenai peran

keperawatan sosial dalam meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat. Tujuan

dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui mengenai ada atau tidaknya

peran keperawatan sosial dalam meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat.

Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah kualitatif deskriptif dengan

pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, obsevasi, dan dokumentasi kepada

50 responden di kota X. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa

keperawatan sosial memiliki peran yang cukup besar yakni70% dalam

meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat dengan beragam program yang

dilakukannya seperti pengelolaan sampah, memfungsikan kembali

selokan air, melakukan gotong royong mingguan, gerakan sadar makanan

bersih, gerakan sadar merawat diri, dan gerakan sadar literasi.

INTRODUCTION

Public health is an important aspect that must be considered (Pratiwi, Pratiwi,

Prastyoningsih, & Suryani, 2021) every country. A healthy society will certainly help the

Volume 1 Number 4, December, 2022

p- ISSN 2963-1866- e-ISSN 2963-8909

Vol 1, No 4 December, 2022

The Role Of Social Nursing In Improving Public Health

172

http://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

country achieve its goals, including Indonesia, where the nation's ideals are contained in the

opening of the fourth paragraph of the 1945 Law (Lisbet, 2016).

Unhealthy society through the rapid spread of disease, has a negative impact on the

country in various sectors, both educational, social, economic and even political. This was

proven when the Indonesian state was exposed to the covid-19 virus where many people fell

ill and even died so the government made various policies to break the chain of covid-19 which

started from Wuhan China in 2019 (Nasution & Hidayah, 2021) (Susilo et al., 2020) late and

entered Indonesia in early 2020 (Rofiuddin, 2022).

This incident provides evidence that a healthy society will have an impact on the health

of the country (Abror & Damayanti, 2021) (Junaedi & Salistia, 2020). Improving public health

can be done through various things on the basis of community awareness itself, such as

consuming healthy and nutritious food, taking enough rest and exercising to organize oneself

to continue to think positively and so on.

Unfortunately, the results of observations show that in Kota X there are still some people

or residents who have not paid attention to aspects of personal health. Such as consuming

unhygienic food, defecating and urinating in an inappropriate place and so on which has an

impact on a dirty, environment and many diseases.

This is certainly homework for social activists to continue to proclaim the importance of

health and cleanliness so as to create a healthy society. One social activist who is considered

to have an important role is social nursing. Social nursing is often also referred to as a social

worker (Astri, 2013). A social nurse or social worker is someone who has a variety of skills or

abilities in social work where this ability is obtained in various ways such as education or

training and is proven by the certificates they have (Fahrezi, Wibowo, Irfan, & Humaedi, 2020).

This certificate is proof that the person has competence in dealing with various social

problems. Of course, those who have a social nursing certificate should not be spectators while

standing idly by when they see people who are not yet at a good health level. Therefore, based

on the explanation above, the researcher wants to find out more about "The Role of Social

Nursing in Improving Public Health". The aim is to obtain information on whether or not there

is a role for social nursing in improving public health in city X. The researcher hopes that the

results of this study can become a source of reference or thought for social nurses, the

government or even researchers in the future.

METHOD RESEARCH

The type of method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with data collection

techniques through observation, documentation and interviews with 50 respondents in city

X. suffering from digestive or other ailments. After the data is obtained, it will be processed

or analyzed to find out the results of the research.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Social nursing is a science that is starting to develop and is in demand by many people

(Fahmi, 2018).One of the things that can be done by social nursing is to help people to

achieve a more decent life, including in public health.

A healthy society is a dream for every country. Because with a healthy society, the

The Role Of Social Nursing In Improving Public Health

Vol 1, No 4 December,2022

Wawan Kurniawan | http://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

173

country becomes healthier. Nevertheless, the results of observations in city X show that the

environment is not clean and causes many diseases. This is according to the data below.

Table 1

Disease data that are often experienced by the people of city X before the social nursing

team carries out its role

Category

Number of

Respondents

Persentase

Digestive tract

50%

Respiratory

Channel

40%

Healthy

Citizens

10%

100%

The data above shows that 10% of residents are healthy while the other 90% suffer from

diseases of the digestive and respiratory tract which are quite common in infecting the

community (Nasution & Hidayah, 2021). As stated by TH that he often experienced diarrhea

and also the flu while living in the neighborhood. In addition, YK also stated that he was often

dehydrated to the point that he had to be hospitalized due to non-stop vomiting. This shows

that the community environment of city X has not yet entered the healthy category.

Garbage is scattered everywhere, the gutters don't function properly, so when it rains it's

not uncommon for a lot of stagnant water. Such an environment certainly gives a feeling of

discomfort. In fact, all humans certainly hope to live in a comfortable environment (Abraham

& Ariffin, 2021). As stated by VN, he actually feels uncomfortable with his environment and

causes many diseases, but what can he do because this is the only treasure he really has.

After this problem was handled by the social nursing team, where they carried out their

role in forming a healthier community, it was proven that the environment in City X was

healthier. Some of the programs that are the focus of the social nursing team in city X are:

1. Good waste management

Garbage is leftover items that are no longer used (Elamin, 2018). Accumulated

garbage can cause many diseases because it becomes a breeding ground for mosquitoes and

various types of bacteria as well as viruses and other germs.

The social nursing team provides counseling on how to manage waste properly

starting from separating organic and inorganic waste and how to manage organic and

inorganic waste so that it becomes a product that has sales value. This is as done by TK as

one of the social nursing teams in city X, he stated that inorganic waste management is

carried out to shape community creativity which is expected to be able to increase income

and become a potential source of money. On the other hand, ZJ, a resident of City X,

admitted that with disciplined waste management, the environment became clean and

healthy. He was also happy because he had additional skills.

2. Reactivate the water ditch

Ditches are waterways (Afianto, Pradana, Prayogo, Lestari, & Huda, 2017) to prevent

flooding and also to keep the environment clean and tidy. The social nursing team invites

residents to have awareness in caring for their environment such as ditches so that flooding

Vol 1, No 4 December, 2022

The Role Of Social Nursing In Improving Public Health

174

http://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

does not occur because the ditches carry out their functions properly. Ditches full of garbage

are then cleaned, then the waste is collected at the waste management post provided.

With this, the gutters are clean, when the gutters are clean the residents are happy

because when it rains there are no more floods. As expressed by Okeh TW, he likes to clean

the gutters and now residents are reminding each other to dispose of trash in its place.

3. Carry out weekly mutual cooperation

Gotong-royong is one of the cultures in Indonesia (Derung, 2019). With mutual

cooperation, work becomes lighter (Oktaviyani & Sukmayadi, 2020).The social care team

invites the residents of City X to be disciplined in working together every week or once a

week to clean up the environment so that it remains neat, beautiful and clean. At first this

activity was quite difficult to do because there were some residents who did not want to

work together, but this problem became lighter when fellow residents reminded each other

with firm sentences and did not offend other residents. The implementation of weekly

mutual cooperation is currently running in an orderly manner compared to when there was

no social institution team.

4. Clean food awareness movement

Food is a primary need for every living thing. Food can be a source of energy and can

also be a source of disease because it does not pay attention to cleanliness when handling

food (Andriyani, 2019).

Clean food certainly has a positive effect on the body, whereas dirty alley food can

have a negative impact on the body. One of the efforts made by the social nursing team

regarding clean food is to provide information on the importance of clean food for the body

both in the short and long term so that people have awareness to take care of their bodies.

5. Self-care conscious movement

Caring for oneself is an obligation and responsibility of every individual

(Rahmayanty, Wahyuni, & Fridani, 2021). Diligent bathing 2 times a day, brushing your

teeth, wearing clean clothes and so on are some ways to take care of yourself so you can

avoid various diseases such as itching, exposure to viruses, germs, and so on.

A conscious movement to care for oneself is carried out by social nursing by providing

an overview of the importance of caring for oneself. The brand uses an analogy that makes

sense and is easy to understand so that this awareness is slowly being understood by the

public.

6. Literacy conscious movement

Literacy is an important thing for humans. Without being literate, a society will be left

behind from renewable information. Especially in the era of digitalization where technology

is developing rapidly as well as knowledge that is increasingly broad, people should have

literacy awareness by reading books or fighting hoaxes through their knowledge and logic

(Fitriani, 2020).

The literacy movement carried out by the social nursing team is by giving seminars,

inviting residents and children to love reading books, and so on. TY, one of the residents,

said that by frequently reading, his insights broadened so that in solving problems more

quickly and accurately, he was no longer in a hurry with emotions that actually destroyed

the bonds of siblings.

By carrying out the various programs above, it can be seen that people are becoming

healthier because the environment is cleaner. The social nursing team gave instructions if

there were residents who were sick, first aid was immediately given. However, if it doesn't

The Role Of Social Nursing In Improving Public Health

Vol 1, No 4 December,2022

Wawan Kurniawan | http://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

175

go away, you should immediately take it to the nearest health center or hospital so that it

can be treated properly. Data regarding the role of social nursing in improving public health

can be seen in the following data:

Table 2

Data before and after the social nursing team carried out its role

Category

Before

After

Number of

Respondents

Percentage

Number of

Respondents

Percentage

Digestive tract

50%

10%

Respiratory tract

40%

10%

Healthy Citizens

10%

80%

Amount

100%

The data above shows that healthy people change from 10% to 80% with this, social

nursing plays a role in improving public health by 70%. After further research on residents

who still suffer from various diseases, it turns out that they have not implemented optimal

awareness of healthy living and also have long-standing comorbid diseases.

Based on the explanation above, social nursing has an important role in improving

public health. Therefore, social nursing graduates should be able to utilize their knowledge

for the survival of a healthy society so that their welfare will also increase.

CONCLUSION

Social nursing has an important role in improving public health so that citizens are

healthy and ready to compete in the national and even international spheres. With a healthy

community, they can develop their potential to the maximum.

Health is the basis for living a comfortable life. Research data shows that social nursing

provides a role of 70% in improving public health through various programs such as waste

management, re-functioning of water ditches, conducting weekly mutual cooperation, clean

food awareness movement, self-care awareness movement, and literacy awareness movement.

Therefore the researchers hope that all graduates or people who are certified in social

nursing will try to share their knowledge in caring for people in various aspects including

health. Researchers also hope that the results of this study can contribute ideas for all readers

to have awareness in improving health as well as a reference for future policy makers and

researchers.

REFERENCES

Abraham, Revin Yohanes dan Ariffin. 2020. Analisis Tingkat Kenyamanan Lingkungan di

Universitas Brawijaya Kota Malang. Journal of Agriculture Science 5(2), 153-160.

Google Scholar

Abror, Muhammad Yusuf dan Larassita Damayanti. 2021. Dampak Multidimensi coivid-19

Uni Eropa. Jurnal Penelitian Politik 18(1), 21-39.Google Scholar

Vol 1, No 4 December, 2022

The Role Of Social Nursing In Improving Public Health

176

http://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

Afianto, Muhammad Thoriq, et al. 2017. Program Pilot Project Tata Kelola Selokan Area

Urban Kos Bersama Masyarakat Sekaran. Abdimas 21(1), 55-64.Google Scholar

Andriyani, 2019. Kajian Literatur pada Makanan dalam Perspektif Islam dan Kesehatan.

Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan 15(2), 178-199. Google Scholar

Astri, Herlina. 2013. Pengaturan Praktik Pekerja Sosial Profesional di Indonesia. Aspirasi

4(2), 155-163. Googel Scholar

Derung, Teresia Noiman. 2019. Gotong Royong dan Indonesia. Jurnal Kateketik dan Pastoral

4(1). 5-13. Googel Scholar

Elamin, Muchammad Zamzami, et al. 2018. Analisis Pengelolaan Sampah pada Masyarakat

Desa Disanah Kecamatan Sreseh Kabupaten Sampang. Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan

10(4), 368-375. Googel Scholar

Fahmi. 2018. Peran Pekerja Sosial Terhadap Pemberdayaan Rumah Tangga Miskin Melalui

Kelompok Usaha Bersama.Jurnal Relawan Indonesia 4(2), 123-142. Googel Scholar

Fahrezi, Muhammad, et al. 2020. Peran Pekerja Sosial Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan

Coping Stres Masyarakat. Focus 3(1), 53-60. Googel Scholar

Fitriani, Susilia. 2020. Perpustakaan Dan Gerakan Sadar Literasi Sebagai Upaya Menangkal

Hoaks. Jurnal El-Pustaka 1(1), 30-40. Googel Scholar

Junaedi, Dedi dan Faisal Salistia. 2020. Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 terhadap Pertumbuhan

Ekonomi Negara-negara Terdampak. Simposium Nasional Keuangan Negara, 995-1115.

Googel Scholar

Lisbet. 2013. Pencapaian Millenium Development Goals (Mdgs) Di Indonesia Melalui

Kerjasama Internasional. Jurnal Politica 4(1), 129-156. Googel Scholar

Naution, Nurul Hidayah, et al. Gambaran Pengetahuan Masyarakat Tentang Pencegahan

Covid-19 Di Kecamatan Padangsidimpuan Batunadua, Kota Padangsidimpuan. Jurnal

Kesehan Ilmiah Indonesia 6(1), 107-114. Googel Scholar

Oktaviyani, Mita dan Trisna Sukmayadi. 2020. Penguatan Nilai-Nilai Gotong Royong di

Kampung Patronanggan Banguntapan Kabupaten Bantul. Jurnal Citizenship 3(2), 65-

70. Googel Scholar

Pratiwi, Ajeng Maharani. 2021. Upaya Peningkatan Kesehatan Masyarakat Melalui

Penyuluhan Perilaku Hidup Bersih Dan Sehat Di Posyandu Tanggul Asri I Kelurahan

Banjarsari, Kecamatan Banjarsari, Surakarta. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat

Kebidanan 3(2), 25-28. Googel Scholar

Rahmayanty, Dinny, et al. 2021. Mengenal pentingnya perawatan diri (self care) bagi konselor

dalam menghadapi stres. Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling 5(1), 125-131.Googel Scholar

The Role Of Social Nursing In Improving Public Health

Vol 1, No 4 December,2022

Wawan Kurniawan | http://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

177

Rofiuddin, Mohammad. 2022. Dampak Corona Virus Disease 19 dan Obligasi Terhadap Nilai

Tukar dan Sukuk di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam 8(1), 1-9. Googel Scholar

Susilo, Adityo, et al. 2020. Coronavirus Disease 2019: Tinjauan Literatur Terkini. Jurnal

Penyakit Dalam Indonesia 7(1), 45-65. Googel Scholar

Wawan Kurniawan (2022)

First publication right:

JoSS - Journal of Social Science

This article is licensed under: