Fauzi Aldina , Muqqarramah Fitri, Zamratul aini, Rizka Heni|
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126
JoSS :
Journal of Social Science
"EFFECTIVENESS OF INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING TO IMPROVE
STUDENT SOCIAL INTERACTION THROUGH SOCIOMETRY" (CASE
STUDY IN UNGGUL SIGLI STATE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS).
Fauzi Aldina
1
, Muqqarramah Fitri
2
, Zamratul aini
3
, Rizka Heni
4
Universitad Jabal Ghafur Indonesia
1234
Email : fauzialdina@unigha.ac.id,
muqarramahfitri@unigha.ac.id, [email protected]
KEYWORDS
Social interaction,
implementation of
sociometry, superior
high school sigli
ARTICLE INFO
Accepted:
20 October 2022
Revised:
27 October 2022
Approved:
27 October 2022
ABSTRACT
Social interaction is a dynamic social relations. Social relations in
question can be in the form of one individual relationship with another
individual, between one group and another, or between groups and
individuals. In interaction there are also symbols, where a symbol is
defined as something whose value or meaning is given to those who use
it. This study aims to find out how students can interact socially using
sociometry and also assisted with counseling services. The research
method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method, namely
research that seeks to increase students' social interaction using
sociometry. The results of the study can be stated that there are some
students whose interactions are not good, but because this study uses
follow-up in the form of group counseling.
INTRODUCTION
Every living human must interact with one another. But now it's starting to be less like
what we see around us. Likewise in the world of education this interaction is very much needed
between one student and another student (Sam. To achieve optimal learning outcomes, there
are many influencing factors. One of them is the good relationship between friends in learning
(Arikunto, 2002). Teachers who lack an approach to students and are not wise, will not see that
in the class there are groups that compete with each other unhealthy, so that the class
atmosphere is not pleasant, even the relationship between each student is not visible.
Students who have bad traits or behavior usually do not have the enthusiasm to learn and
their learning is disrupted, so they will be ostracized by their group. As a result, it will interfere
with learning (Al-Haddad, Abidin, & Ulfa, 2014). Because at school he experienced unpleasant
behavior from his friends, he became lazy to go to school for various reasons (MAULINA,
n.d.). If this happens, students should immediately be given guidance services so that they are
accepted back into the group, thus fostering enthusiasm for learning again (Sumaatmadja,
2000). Guidance and Counseling is basically a process of providing assistance to realize
optimal human development both as individual groups in accordance with the nature of
humanity with various potential strengths and weaknesses, weaknesses and problems.
Creating good relationships between students is necessary, in order to have a positive
influence on student learning (Walgito, 2010). The relationships are diverse. There are students
who do not want to take advantage of relationships between friends, but there are students who
deliberately take advantage of relationships between friends. Children who deliberately take
advantage of relationships between friends are based on certain reasons (Yusuf Syamsu &
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p- ISSN 2963-1866- e-ISSN 2963-8909
Vol 1, No 3 November, 2022
Effectiveness Of Individual Counseling To Improve
Student Social Interaction Through Sociometry
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Nurrihsan, 2008). The first reason the child wants to try to solve problems in learning, and the
second reason the child is only looking for friends to play while students who don't want to
take advantage of relationships between friends is based on the reason because the child has an
inferiority complex and usually he will isolate himself from his friends (Yusuf Syamsu &
Nurrihsan, 2008). In general, student achievement can be achieved well if students want to
make use of friends when compared to students who do not take advantage of relationships
between friends in the sense of class mates.
In general, peer group interactions at school are formed from extra-curricular activities
that rarely have anything to do with the main problems of classroom life Mc Partland (1977:
67). From the results of Brofanbrenner's research, (1960:45) in American schools, this activity
is carried out by thousands of American students which can be seen in the tutoring program for
children of minority groups, this group is held outside of school hours. Tutoring is an
interesting technique in educational renewal, in this case the provision of teaching by a friend
who is smarter to another friend who has learning difficulties (Hamalik, Tohirin, & Mahmud,
2007). In some societies older pupils regularly tutor younger pupils. And there are also group
activities that are carried out together in class, for example schools in Russia, as explained by
Brofen Rener (1972:63) "classes have a number of peer status systems. The system originates
from a class formal organization (Fauzia, 2022). Some students influence the attitudes and
behavior of other students in their class.” However, so far he does not know the specifics of
this influence process. The aspect of students' relationships with other students that gets the
most attention is students' feelings towards one another, as measured by a technique called
sociometric analysis.
METHOD RESEARCH
A. Approach and type of research
This study uses a descriptive research approach. Descriptive research is research that is
to describe conditions or things related to something being studied (Hasanah, 2017).
In this study, researchers will directly observe, interview, and examine documents
directly to understand the phenomenon of what is experienced by research subjects, for
example behavior, perception, motivation, actions and others (Dayakisni, 2003).
One type of qualitative descriptive research that the authors used in this study was the
method or case study approach, namely research that focuses more intensively on a particular
object that is studied as a case. Case study research is "an in-depth study of a particular social
unit and the results of this research provide a broad and in-depth picture of a particular social
unit, the subjects studied are relatively limited, but the variables studied are very broad in
dimensions" (Setiyowati, 2015).
This case study research is intended to study intensively about the background of the
problem, the situation and the position of a phenomenon that is currently happening, as well as
the environmental interactions of certain social units that are as they are. Research subjects can
be individuals, groups, institutions or community (Rohmad, 2015).
The research location was carried out at Unggul Sigli High School in the 2012/2013
academic year, this school is located on Jalan Tibang-Krueng Raya, Pidie sub-district, where
this research was taken based on facts in the field (Moleong, 2007). The choice of research
location at this school was based on the results of observations that had been made that the
school had become a barometer of education in Pidie.
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Improve Student Social Interaction Through
Sociometry
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A sample of students who were isolated in social interaction was found by doing
sociometry (Bahri, 2017). Thus, the sample in this study were students of SMA Negeri Unggul
Sigli who were isolated in social interactions, namely the descriptions and traits shown in their
daily behavior prior to the sociometry process.
According to Lofland (1984:87) "The main data sources in qualitative research are words
and actions, the rest is additional data such as documents and others." Therefore, the main data
source used in interviews is conversation with a specific purpose.
The interview method is a technique for gathering information that is carried out by holding
questions and answers, either directly or indirectly (Hidayanti, 2014). The interview technique
is able to explore someone's knowledge, opinion and position on a matter, and will be able to
find out changes in students based on the results of sociometry. In this study the authors used
guided free interviews, meaning that the authors had prepared questions to be asked in the form
of immediate assessments. This method aims to obtain solutions to students who are isolated
in social interaction.Bogdan and Taylor Moleong, (2007: 3) argue that qualitative methodology
is a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words
from people and observed behavior.
From the expert opinion above, we can conclude that data analysis intends to organize
data first (Zulamri, 2019). Much of the data collected consists of questionnaires distributed to
students, documents in the form of reports, biographies, and so on (Sari et al., 2022).
After data from students has been collected using the data collection method above, the
researcher will process and analyze the data using descriptive-qualitative analysis (Prayitno,
2004).
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
B. Brief History of Unggul Sigli State High School
Geographically, the Unggul Sigli State High School is located at Jalan Krueng Raya-
Blang Galang, Pidie District, Pidie Regency. The location of the school is approximately 700
meters from the national road.
The environmental condition of Unggul Sigli State High School is a very favorable condition
in the process of learning activities where the school location is free from vehicle noise and
free from air pollution. In addition, the population around the school consists of employees,
farmers, the private sector and entrepreneurs. This can support the creation of an educational
environment that is relatively safe from unwanted disturbances.99% of students at Unggul Sigli
State High School will continue their studies at favorite tertiary institutions both within the
region and outside the region. They generally have conditioned themselves to always learn. In
addition, their parents are generally classified as good economically. Both of these are
environmental conditions that are very supportive of better education.
SMA Negeri Unggul Sigli can accommodate as many as 7 study groups consisting of 1
accelerated class group and 6 regular class study groups. The number of students in the 2012-
2013 school year was 184 students consisting of 58 male students and 126 female students.
The number of teachers is 32 people, administrative staff are 3 people and administrative
assistants are 5 people.Sigli Unggul State High School was built by the Swiss Red Cross and
handed over to the Local Government of Pidie Regency in 2010, with a total land area of 3.5
Ha and a building area of 7,500 M2.
C. Facilities and infrastructure at Unggul Sigli State High School
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Student Social Interaction Through Sociometry
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Table 1
Facilities and Infrastructure of Superior Sigli High School
No.
Room/Facilities
Amount
Condition
Information
1.
Classroom
9
Well
2.
R. Laboratory
1
a. Physics
1
Well
b. Chemical
1
Well
c. Biology
1
Well
d. Language
1
Well
3.
e. Computer
1
Well
4.
R. Art
1
Well
5.
R. Audio Visual
1
Well
6.
R. Library
1
Well
7.
R. Worship
1
a. prayer room
2
Well
Sports Facilities
2
a. Volleyball field
1
Well
8.
b. Wipe. Table tennis
1
Well
9.
c. Wipe. Badminton
1
Well
10.
d. Wipe. Basketball
1
Well
11.
R. Principal
1
Well
12.
R. Teacher
1
Well
13.
R.BK
1
Well
14.
R. Administration
1
Well
R. Student Council
1
Well
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Improve Student Social Interaction Through
Sociometry
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130
15.
R. UKS
1
Well
16.
R. Cooperative
1
17.
a. Teacher
2
Well
b. Student
2
Well
Source: Documentation of Superior Sigli Public High School in 2013
Table 2
Sigli Superior High School Library Facilities
No.
Book Type
Book title
Amount
Condition
Information
1.
Fiction
Well
2.
Non-fiction
Well
3.
References
Well
4.
Package book
Well
Source: Documentation of Superior Sigli Public High School in 2013
D. The condition of the students at the Sigli Superior State High School
Table 3
State of Superior Sigli High School Students
No. Class Program
Amount
Source: Documentation of Superior Sigli Public High School in 2013
E. State of Education Staff at Unggul Sigli State High School
Table 4
Sigli Superior High School teacher
No. Gol
Amount
Ket
Source: Documentation of Superior Sigli Public High School in 2013
Rombel
L
P
Total
1. X
-
3
23
51
74
2. XI
IPA
2
21
32
53
3. XII
IPA
2
14
43
57
Amount
7
58
126
184
L
P
D3
S1
S2
1. III/a
-
-
-
-
-
2. III/b
1
3
-
4
-
3. III/c
1
-
-
1
-
4. III/d
4
1
-
4
1
5. IV/a
3
3
-
5
1
6. IV/b
1
-
-
-
1
7. GB/GK
4
2
1
4
1
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Table 5
Number of Sigli Superior High School Teachers
No Subjects
the required
amount
the number
of teachers
present
deficiency
1
Pend. Agama Islam
1
1
-
2
Pend. Kewarganegaraan
1
-
1
3
Bhs. Indonesia
2
2
-
4
Sejarah
1
-
1
5
Bhs. Inggris
3
3
-
6
Matematika
3
3
-
7
Fisika
2
2
-
8
Kimia
2
2
-
9
Biologi
2
2
-
10
Ekonomi
1
-
1
1
Akuntansi
-
-
-
12
Geografi
1
1
-
13
Sosiologi
1
-
1
14
Seni dan Budaya
1
-
1
15
Penjas, Orkes
1
-
1
16
Bimbingan Konseling
1
-
1
17
Bhs. Asing (Bhs Arab)
1
-
1
18
Tek. Informatika & Komp
1
-
1
19
Muatan Lokal
1
-
1
amount 26 16 10
Source: Documentation of Superior Sigli Public High School in 2013
Table 6
Administration of Superior Sigli High School
No
Employee Status
SD
SMP
SMA
D3
S1
1
PNS
-
-
-
-
-
2
Honorer
-
-
8
2
1
Source: Documentation of Superior Sigli Public High School in 2013
This research uses a case study approach, therefore before researchers conduct research
in a school, they first conduct a survey or observation of the target audience. The aim is to
make it easier to find cases that you want to study, namely students who are isolated in class.
This survey was conducted on May 17, 2013. The researcher was directed directly by the
picket to the vice principal's room for curriculum. After introducing himself, the researcher
informed the intent and purpose of conducting the survey. The vice principal for curriculum
welcomed the researcher's arrival at his school, after which one class was appointed. to do
sociometry, namely class XI IPA.
Before doing sociometry, the researcher first gave a little explanation about the meaning of
sociometry and the benefits of doing sociometry. After all students understood, the researcher
demonstrated on the blackboard how to fill in the sociometry.
After everything was finished the researcher collected all the results of the students' answers
then entered the data into the sociometry table and analyzed it with a sociogram. After being
analyzed, the results are as follows:
Effectiveness Of Individual Counseling To
Improve Student Social Interaction Through
Sociometry
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From the results of the sociometry it can be seen that the student with the most votes or
star is O with the highest number of points, namely 13 points (6 student voters) and students
without a single voter are L, meaning the student is isolated. While students who choose each
other are:
1. C with E they choose each other in choice 1
2. N with O they choose each other in choice 1
3. W with H they choose each other in choice 1
CONCLUSION
In the process of implementing individual counseling for handling isolated students at Unggul
Sigli State High School, several conclusions can be drawn as follows: The implementation is carried
out in several steps, namely: the first step is to carry out the first stage of sociometry which finds isolated
students, then the individual counseling process stages I and II are carried out to isolated students. After
completing the individual counseling processes stages I and II, only stage II sociometry was carried out
with the result that one student was dominant with 7 voters and 2 students were the fewest voters. There
were no students who were isolated in stage II sociometry. Individual counseling services were proven
to be able to solve isolated client problems found in stage I sociometry, this can be seen after the
counseling process felt better and had a commitment to change their attitudes and behavior. His
commitment was proven during stage II of sociometry, the student was no longer isolated. This can be
seen by the fact that there are already 4 students who have chosen.
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Copyright holders:
Fauzi Aldina, Muqqarramah Fitri, Zamratul aini, Rizka Heni (2022)
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