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1384

JOSS :

Journal of Social Science

LEGAL REVIEW OF THE FULFILLMENT OF WASTEWATER QUALITY

STANDARDS IN THE HOTEL INDUSTRY IN CIREBON CITY

Efionita Sepfiani

, Aria Wirakusuma

, Rudi Kurniawan

, Endang Sutrisno

Harmono

Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Indonesia

[email protected],

[email protected]mail: -E

[email protected] ,

[email protected],

[email protected]

KEYWORDS

Cirebon City;

Hospitality Industry;

Standardization of

Wastewater Quality

Standards; Water

Pollution Control

ABSTRACT

This study aims to control water pollution by conducting

observations on the hotel industry in Cirebon City regarding the

implementation of compliance with the standardization of

wastewater quality standard parameters according to Ministerial

Regulation No. P 68 of 2016. Research methods were conducted

openly through interview techniques regarding monitoring and

management of wastewater produced by the Hospitality Industry in

Cirebon City. The results of the study identified that from the hotel

industry in the city of Cirebon which is the object of research, the

quality standard of wastewater produced exceeds the

standardization of meeting quality standards so that there is still a

risk of water pollution. The handling can be this problem by

conducting strict monitoring by the environmental service and

providing knowledge or information related to the management of

wastewater quality standards properly so that the content of the

waste produced does not endanger the flow of rivers and seas in the

city of Cirebon. The approach that must be taken in order to

understand and be able to maximize the treatment of liquid waste

with a wastewater management plant (IPAL) is to consult the

Environmental Service in order to get direction to cooperate with

third parties (outsourcing). Observations also state that there is still

one hotel that does not use IPAL and in the hotel's activities, the

waste is purely dirty and pollutes the river flow in Cirebon City.

INTRODUCTION

As living beings, humans need a healthy environment for their survival, so one of the

absolute rights that every Indonesian citizen must receive is to be physically and mentally

prosperous, such as getting a good and healthy environment by getting health services, in

accordance with the provisions of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Pasal 28h

ayat 1.

Human activities in the utilization of natural resources and the environment every day

often produce waste substances from their daily activities which can be called waste that can

increase the content of pollutants in the water, this pollutant content is a substance or material

added to the environment that is unwanted or that cannot be accepted by the environment.

These substances can cause pollution problems in the environment, if these environmental

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conditions cannot neutralize materials or substances containing pollutants, environmental

pollution will occur (Standard, 2017). Therefore, the fulfillment of the Wastewater Quality

Standard, which is a measure of the limit or level of pollutant elements that are tolerated in

Wastewater that will be discharged or released into the water and soil media from a business

and/or activity, is very important (Riskyanto, 2019).

Therefore, every business actor who has certain criteria is required to make an IPAL

(Instalasi Pengelolaan Air Limbah) to filter and neutralize water or waste substances that

contain substances that can cause environmental pollution (Fauzia & Siska, 2021). In

Government Regulation number 22 of 2021 concerning the Implementation of Environmental

Protection and Management pasal 1 ayat (28) (Tumpu et al., 2023).

Factors that can exceed wastewater quality standards in the environment by human

activities, namely the entry of living things, substances, energy, and other components, have

been stipulated in pasal 1 ayat 31 concerning the protection and management of water quality

is a systematic and integrated effort to maintain water quality And for the rules governing

wastewater quality standards themselves are regulated in the Minister of Environment and

Forestry Regulation No.68 of 2016 (Tuhu Agung & Winata, 2010).

Supporting the economy of a city is the large number of hotel establishments in the city

of Cirebon, as the main role in the impact of environmental sustainability in all its activities,

namely in the management of wastewater and garbage generated by hotel hotels in the city of

Cirebon with not a small amount of waste sources generated classified as non-infectious waste

which is domestic waste from kitchen activities, Therefore, to maintain the environment in

Indonesia, it is necessary to deal with problems in the state of the environment such as

deterioration or degradation aimed at reducing environmental damage due to pollution of the

hotel industry or waste disposal that does not meet technical and health requirements (Busyairi

et al., 2020). Wastewater from laundry, kitchen, and café activities is channeled to gray water

septic tanks. While wastewater from the activities of the campus or bathroom is channeled to

the black water septic tank (Surabaya, 2019).

Hotels with environmentally friendly themes, namely eco-hotels, aim to participate in

saving the environment by means of water and energy use efficiency systems, managing

wastewater disposal or wastewater utilization systems, waste recycling programs, and

employee empowerment programs to protect the environment as an effort to reduce

environmental pollution (Marliani, 2015) & (Herlambang, 2006) .

The waste produced is domestic waste or household waste, but the waste produced by

the hospitality industry is more in the form of liquid waste which is sometimes lost directly

dumped into the river channel in the city so it can be very dangerous because of the possibility

of hazardous materials or waste content that microorganisms cannot digest (Suardana et al.,

2023).

Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine how well the hotel industry in Cirebon

meets the wastewater quality standards set by the government.

Based on the description above, we focus in this study to find out the issue of how the

compliance of the hotel industry in Cirebon City related to the standardization of parameters

for meeting the quality standards of liquid waste has been in accordance with the regulation of

the minister of environment and forestry (2016) No.68 household quality standards.

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RESEARCH METHODS

The method used to optimize this research process is a qualitative research method based

on the accuracy of observation data to obtain accurate data. The techniques applied in the

process of collecting and managing data are in the form of object observation, open interviews,

and filling out questionnaires (Ratnaningtyas et al., 2023). In accordance with the formulation

of the problem stated the focus of the research is to know and observe the laboratory test of the

quality standards of liquid waste in six hotel objects in Cirebon City in accordance with

Permen-LKH NO 68 of 2016 concerning domestic wastewater quality standards.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Level of Compliance of the Hospitality Industry in Cirebon City with Domestic

Wastewater

The level of compliance in four reference hotel industries in the city of Cirebon, each hotel

shows different results related to wastewater management, we will present a compliance table

regarding domestic wastewater management in the hotel industry, this table contains a number

of criteria for the compliance of the hotel industry with domestic wastewater management. The

criteria include important aspects that reflect sustainable wastewater management practices

(Panjaitan et al., 2023).

Table 1

Hospitality Industry Compliance Criteria Related to Wastewater Management

Specifications

Criteria

Water Pollution Control

1. The obligation of business actors to treat the

wastewater they produce in accordance with the

provisions of pasal 130 of Government

Regulation 22 of 2021.

2. The obligation of business actors to have a

wastewater treatment system in accordance with

pasal 17 ayat (1) of the Minister of Environment

and Forestry Regulation 5 of 2021.

3. 3. Obligation of business actors to have

technical recognition of compliance with

relevant wastewater quality standards. Pasal

133 PP 22 of 2021, pasal 3 ayat (1) Minister of

Environment and Forestry Regulation 5 of

2021.

4. The obligation of business actors to meet the

requirements for technical compliance with

waste quality standards and standards. technical

competence of human resources in accordance

with pasal 138 of PP 22 of 2021, and pasal 21 of

the Minister of Environment and Forestry

Regulation of 2021.

5. Obligation of business actors to conduct

wastewater monitoring in accordance with pasal

144 of Government Regulation 22 of 2021.

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Based on data from field observations from the six hotels in the city of Cirebon, namely

Hotel B, Hotel O, Hotel D, Hotel S, Hotel L, and Hotel R. In accordance with PP No. 22 of

2021 and Permen LHK No. 5 of 2021 states that Hotel S has met the compliance criteria in

terms of documents and management. The results of Hotels B and L are almost in accordance

with the compliance criteria because they have provided indicators that can optimize the

treatment of domestic wastewater generated from the operation of these hotels. However, Hotel

B does not maximize the treatment and monitoring of wastewater produced so there is still a

slight risk of water pollution in the surrounding environment. Then the results of research on

Hotel O and Hotel D show that the two hotels have not met the criteria for compliance with

applicable regulations because the IPAL owned by the two hotels is not considered to be

managed and does not carry out regular checks on wastewater generated from the hotel's

activities so that it can pose a great risk to water pollution in the surrounding environment

(Kurniajati, 2018). The research results from Hotel R state that Hotel R does not meet the

criteria for compliance with applicable regulations, because the hotel does not have an IPAL,

and the waste generated by the hotel is directly discharged into the city irrigation channel so

that it is at great risk of water pollution (Kapindha, 2013).

The wastewater quality standard is the quality that wastewater produced by companies

or businesses must meet. These standards include certain parameters, such as pollutant content,

acidity, temperature, and other relevant parameters.

Correct sampling is necessary to obtain good wastewater analysis results. the best way to

sample is to use a good approach with the average concentration of several points that have

been selected, or by taking samples at equalization. Wastewater sampling includes several

aspects, namely sampling location, time and frequency, collection method, necessary

equipment, and storage and preservation of samples.

Table 2

Wastewater Quality Standard

Parameters

Channel

Maximum Level

6-9

BOD

mg/L

COD

mg/L

100

TSS

mg/L

Oils and Fats

mg/L

Amoniak

mg/L

Total Coliform

Quantity/100ml

3000

Debit

L/person/day

100

Source Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry Number P.68/Menlhk-Setjen/2016

Table 3

Observation Results of Laboratory Tests of wastewater from the four Hotels in Cirebon City

Hotel

Object

Parameters

Description

BOD

COD

TSS

Oils &

Fats

Amoniak

Total

Coliform

Debit

Hotel B

7,48

33,32

104,14

6300

TMS

Hotel O

6,76

103

0,56

>11000

TMS

Hotel D

6,74

109

0,45

>11000

TMS

Hotel S

7,36

19.45

82.57

0.80

0.44

700

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Hotel L

6.65

27.42

TMS

Hotel R

TMI

Description:

MS: Meets Standard

HMS: Almost Meets Standard

TMS: Does Not Meet Standard

TMI: Does not have Ipal

The laboratory test results above show that there are still many hotels that have not met

the quality standards that have been regulated in PP 22 of 2021, PERMEN LHK 5 of 2021, and

PERMEN LHK P68 of 2016. For hotels that are included in the description of Qualified, Not

Qualified, it is recommended that they always consult with experts or competent institutions in

wastewater analysis to ensure that the fulfillment of wastewater quality standards is in

accordance with applicable regulations, and for hotels that do not have an IPAL, it is urged to

make it otherwise the applicable sanctions from the relevant agencies will be lowered

(Setiyono, 2009).

Handling of Wastewater Management that exceeds the Standard

The environment office has a major role in supervising the implementation of

environmental management and monitoring in accordance with its main tasks as a regional

agency business and assisting the duties of the regional head.

Supervision carried out by the local government and the community results in the

processing carried out by the hotel industry still has minimal awareness regarding

environmental sustainability. The factor is the supervision of the environmental service which

is passive and reactive so there is a lack of coordination between related agencies. therefore the

level of awareness and supervision of the environmental service is a very important factor as

well as handling wastewater management that exceeds the standard.

Handling of liquid waste management in the hotel industry that exceeds quality standards

can be done from various aspects including the following:

a. Handling the management of wastewater that exceeds quality standards in the legal aspect

involves the enforcement of existing regulations, this can be in the form of, fostering legal

sanctions in the form of administrative sanctions or written warnings for hotels or

individuals responsible for wastewater pollution. The government can impose fines,

temporary or permanent closure of sewers used by the hospitality industry against facilities

that violate the rules, and even criminal legal action against serious violations. In addition,

a strict licensing and supervision system is also in place to ensure that all wastewater

management complies with set standards.

b. Technical handling can be done as follows:

a) Liquid waste treatment with physical techniques, namely filtering the separation of

disposal between sand and solid wastewater, then settling and flotation which serves to

remove pollutant particles to the surface of wastewater.

b) Treatment of liquid waste with Biological techniques, namely by involving Aerobic

bacteria to decompose organic matter.

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c) Treatment by disinfection, which is to reduce microorganisms in liquid waste by adding

chemical compounds according to the required dose so as not to endanger the

environment.

d) Liquid waste treatment with chemical techniques, namely the process of neutralization,

gas transfer, and coagulation by giving positive chemicals, to change the degree of acidity

(pH) of wastewater. Liquid waste treatment can also be carried out with the principles

that the hotel industry must have for water pollution control, namely reusing waste

generated from hotel industry activities for the benefit of further industries without

reducing the quality of the wastewater.

The hotel is required to conduct regular monitoring of the quality of wastewater produced

and report it to the local Environmental Agency. This includes periodic sampling and analysis

of wastewater. Good wastewater management is essential for maintaining environmental

quality and public health, by complying with applicable regulations, hotels can ensure that their

operations do not negatively impact the surrounding environment.

CONCLUSIONS

From this study, we can conclude that the level of compliance of the four hotel industries

in Cirebon City related to wastewater management shows varying results. Hotel S complies

with the compliance criteria, and Hotel B and L almost comply with the compliance criteria but

are still at risk of environmental water pollution. Hotel O and Hotel D still do not meet the

compliance criteria due to unsupervised IPAL and lack of monitoring of wastewater. Hotel R

does not even have an IPAL and directly discharges waste into urban irrigation channels which

can increase the risk of environmental pollution.

For hotels that are included in the Almost Meets and Does Not Meet the requirements, it

is recommended that they always consult with experts or competent institutions in wastewater

analysis to ensure that the fulfillment of wastewater quality standards is in accordance with

applicable regulations, and more active supervision and guidance is needed from the

Environmental Service and community involvement in supporting environmental management

efforts. Handling of wastewater management that violates quality standards can be done

through law enforcement, and guidance from various techniques and principles of water

pollution control.

This research recommends that every industry in Cirebon City begin to learn to reuse the

wastewater produced and this research provides little information related to wastewater

management with Physical, Chemical, Biological, and Desinfication Techniques. The

information in this study hopes to be useful for the Hospitality Industry in Cirebon City.

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Efionita Sepfiani

, Aria Wirakusuma

, Rudi Kurniawan

, Endang Sutrisno

Harmono

(2024)

First publication right:

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