Joss.Al-Makkipublisher.Com/Index.Php/Js

720

JOSS :

Journal of Social Science

COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION MODEL AND THE ROLE OF

LOCAL WISDOM IN THE PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION OF

VILLAGE FUNDS

Eko Handoyo

, Wahyu Beny Mukti Setiyawan

, Natal Kristiono

, Siti Muslikhatul

Ummah

, Muhammad Wildan Khunaefi

, Fathurrahman Prasetyo Aji

Universitas Negeri Semarang

1,2,3,4,6

Asosiasi Antropologi Indonesia Jawa Tengah

Email: [email protected]

KEYWORDS

Community

Participation Model,

Local Wisdom and

Village Culture,

Village Fund

Corruption

Prevention

ABSTRACT

The study of anti-corruption literature may not be new, however, most

anti-corruption literature studies in Indonesia focus on anti-corruption

education. Meanwhile, when discussing anti-corruption villages,

religion is often used as a method of anti-corruption hand-cutting.

Unlike these studies, this study will focus on finding models of

community participation and the role of local wisdom with Max

Weber's social action theory and Mayer N. Zald-John D. Mc Carthy's

resource mobilization theory as its analysis knife. Using qualitative

research methods and Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) approach

this study, finally found that "Taqdim political-economic

empowerment based on traditional ethics and religion" is a model of

community participation that includes the local wisdom of Sentang

village. This model then also carried out five resource mobilizations

to achieve corruption prevention of village funds. The realization of

this model can then be grouped into types of social action consisting

of actions based on goals, values, affections, and traditions. Based on

the conclusion of the thesis, this study has succeeded in finding a

model of community participation and the role of local wisdom in

preventing corruption of village funds. Thus, this study has provided

new insights into preventing corruption of village funds through the

integration of participation models and the role of local wisdom. In

practical terms, this insight can automatically be used as a

consideration for policymakers in determining the prevention of

corruption in village funds.

INTRODUCTION

According to the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) published by Transparency

International in 2021, Indonesia received a score of 37 and was ranked 86th out of 180

countries assessed. (Eriksson, 2021). Meanwhile, in 2022, Indonesia's GPA was recorded at

34 points on a scale of 0-100 in 2022 (Eriksson, 2022). Based on the annual report published

by Transparency International for 2021-2022, it can be seen that Indonesia has decreased by

Volume 2 Number 8 August 2023

p- ISSN 2963-1866- e-ISSN 2963-8909

Vol 2, No 8 August 2023

Community Participation Model And The Role Of Local

Wisdom In The Prevention Of Corruption Of Village Funds

721

https://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

4 GPA points. This fact shows that corruption in Indonesia is a serious problem. Therefore,

this corruption problem must be minimized as effectively and efficiently as possible.

Effectiveness and efficiency in minimizing corruption can presumably be done through

prevention based on local wisdom as an inclusive approach (Mahmudah, 2022; Irawati, 2013).

Inclusivity based on local wisdom as a measure to prevent corruption in Indonesia may

become dialectical of the diverse characteristics of Indonesian localities. Therefore, this paper

uses case studies to uncover the reality of corruption prevention that comes with the basis of

local wisdom in one of the regions in Indonesia. Furthermore, it does not only rely on local

wisdom as an inclusive way of preventing corruption. This study also looks for models of

community participation in the context of preventing courses in daily life. This is considered

important because minimal community involvement and supervision is thought to have

triggered a 25% increase in corruption from village fund corruption in Indonesia (Indonesian,

Corruption Watch, 2019; Research, and Development Centre for Society and Culture, 2020).

Thus, the purpose of this study is to find a model of community participation and the role of

local wisdom in preventing corruption of village funds,

This study chose Sentang Village, Wonogiri District, Wonogiri Regency as a case study.

Sendang Village is the best village in Indonesia for public disclosure information, which

features various village work programs with all budget transparency (Portal Resmi Provinsi

Jawa Tengah, 2021). So that this award and achievement, seem to be enough to represent that

Sendang village deserves to be a case study in its relationship to find "a model of community

participation and the role of local wisdom in preventing corruption of village funds". In more

detail, even Sendang village also has an anti-corruption village program since 2021/2022

(Desa Sendang, 2023). Although the anti-corruption village program has just officially started

in 2022, the starting point as an anti-corruption village is a useful insight into program

evaluation as well as the anti-corruption village model.

The study of anti-corruption literature may not be new, however, most anti-corruption

literature studies focus on anti-corruption education (Wibawa, Agustian, & Warmiyati, 2021;

Suyadi, Waharjani, Sumaryati, Sukmayadi, & Faturahman, 2020). Meanwhile, when

discussing anti-corruption villages, religion is often used as a method of anti-corruption hand

extension (Koeswara, 2023; Suyadi, Waharjani, Sumaryati, Sukmayadi, & Siraj, 2022).

Unlike these studies, this study will focus on finding models of community participation and

the role of local wisdom with Max Weber's social action theory and Mayer N. Zald-John D.

Mc Carthy's resource mobilization theory as its analysis knife. The use of qualitative research

methods and a Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) approach in this study has also increased

the possibility of finding community participation models and the role of local wisdom in

preventing the corruption of village funds. Thus, this study will contribute a new perspective

as well as a framework for local corruption prevention models in Indonesia.

METHOD RESEARCH

This study uses qualitative research methods as the basis for research, to answer the

formulation of community participation models and the role of local wisdom in preventing

corruption of village funds. While PRA is an approach used to map the participation, potential,

and role of local wisdom owned by the people of Sendang village.

Community Participation Model And The Role Of Local

Wisdom In The Prevention Of Corruption Of Village Funds

Vol 2, No 8 August 2023

http://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

722

Data collection was carried out from April to June 2023 in Sentang Village, Wonogiri

District, Wonogiri Regency. The data collection techniques used in this study were semi-

structured in-depth interviews, observation, focus group discussion (FGD), and

documentation. As a start, this study conducted observations that included observations, open

interviews, and discussions, to understand the daily activities of Sentang villagers.

Observations of the activities of Sendang villagers conducted in this study include the

behavior of villagers in social, cultural, political, entertainment, and work. In addition,

researchers are also looking for meaning, meaning, ability, capital, and mindset of Sendang

villagers as the basis for the cosmology of their activities.

The second is the interview. Interviews were conducted with eleven (11) informants

through purposive sampling techniques. The main informants came from community leaders

who understood very well the condition of their village until now, namely, village officials

and leaders of the regional consultative body (BPD). While supporting informants are RT /

RW, as well as the general public.

Table 1

Research Informants

No.

Name

Work

Sukamto P.W

Head of Sendang Village

Putut

Village Community

Kuncoro

Village Community

Cheise

Village Community

Haryanto

Akhmad

Village Youth

Salwa

Village Girls

Be S

BPD

Sumarsono

BPD

10.

Agung Suswanto

Village Apparatus

11.

Sugiyanto

Public Figures

Source: Research Primary Data, Thursday 15 June 2023

The third is FGD. The FGD was held once on Thursday, June 15, 2023, with participants

from local governments, local non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and community

leaders who produced information on mapping potential or obstacles to corruption prevention

in Sentang Village. Fourth, documentation in the form of reviewing literature documents,

village monographic articles, Sentang data, and so on. The collected data is then analyzed by

triangulation of sources to check the validity of the data, then analyzed with Max Weber's

social action theory and Mayer N. Zald-John D. McCarthy's resource mobilization theory to

be presented in an argumentation narrative.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

"Taqdim" political-economic empowerment based on traditional ethics and religion is a

model and a form of participation of Sendang villagers in preventing corruption of village

funds. The formulation of this model and participation is based on two major assumptions

that are dominant in structure, culture, logic, and axioms that are generally present in the

Sentang village community. The first assumption is taqdim (precedence) with the belief of

Vol 2, No 8 August 2023

Community Participation Model And The Role Of Local

Wisdom In The Prevention Of Corruption Of Village Funds

723

https://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

"religion and cultural tradition as the root of the tranquility of life". The second assumption

is, "a harmonious life will only be created with balanced economic and political capabilities".

The implications of the taqdim model of political-economic empowerment based on

traditional ethics and religion are manifested in all the supporting capacities of the

development of political-economic empowerment of Sendang village based on traditional

ethics.

Sendang Village is currently in at least 9 work programs (anti-corruption village,

restorative justice village, anti-drug resilient village, traffic orderly village, village guard

prosecutor, cooperation with several agencies, RTLH rehab (uninhabitable houses), social aid

and development) and 6 village potentials (fisheries, agriculture, MSMEs (micro, small and

medium enterprises), tourist destinations, economic potential, agro potential) based on

political-economic empowerment based on traditional ethics. These nine work programs and

six village potentials continue to be developed with the belief that

“ … Along with the realization of economic equality and good political participation

based on noble values (traditional ethics), corruption ... The village funds will also

disappear by themselves..." (Interview with the Head of Sentang Village, June 15,

2023).

This belief is presumably not a subjective belief of the head of Sendang village alone,

but this belief is seen as an objective belief of the people of Sendang village. This can be seen

from one of the arguments of the community which also believes that

" ... Eradication... Corruption or even potential corruption of village funds will not

disappear unless the person concerned is empowered in the political-economic sector

with goodness based on religion and tradition..." (Interview with Mbah Darsi, June 15,

2023).

Thus, the taqdim model of political-economic empowerment based on traditional ethics

and religion and religion is a model that is present in the deep structure of the Sendang village

community for tactical steps in the context of preventing corruption in general or preventing

village funds in particular. Here is the taqdim model of traditional ethics-based political-

economic empowerment:

Community Participation Model And The Role Of Local

Wisdom In The Prevention Of Corruption Of Village Funds

Vol 2, No 8 August 2023

http://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

724

Picture 1

Taqdim Model of Ethics-Based Political-Economic

The structure referred to in the model is all social, cultural, or even political hierarchies

contained in Sendang village such as the hierarchy between parents and children, the

hierarchy between the village head and residents, or the hierarchy between cultural figures

and ordinary people in a tradition. While culture is all ideas, habits, or artifacts (objects) that

characterize the character of Sentang village. Take for example the idea of "tradition must be

preserved"; habits about "manners"; and artifacts such as Watu Cenik. Furthermore, what is

meant by logic is the reasoning of the people of Sendang village which functions as a filter,

test, or way of responding to a phenomenon. For example the logic of the people of Sendang

village that prevents corruption is

“… Because corruption is equivalent to stealing, and stealing in the aspect of

corruption can also take the form of delays in attendance at an event. So corruption

cannot be eliminated by only material fulfillment, but also needs the fulfillment of

religious ethics and good traditions... " (Interview with the Head of Sentang Village,

June 15, 2023).

Last is the axiom. An axiom is a general statement whose truth is unquestionable

because it has become a common belief and understanding. One of the axioms that stands out

and is strongly related to this study is the axiom about "corruption is a despicable act that

presents many people" (Interview with Pak Kemis, June 15, 2023).

Furthermore, this structure, culture, logic, and axiom move to the anti-corruption social

movement that uses culture in the form of local wisdom as the main foundation. While

structure, logic, and axioms as aspects that support culture. On the other hand, social actions,

which are actions to prevent corruption of village funds, have been accommodated by local

wisdom as capital and a model of community participation.

Resource Mobilization: The Role of Local Wisdom in Preventing Village Fund

Corruption

Efforts to prevent corruption carried out by Sendang village are essentially resource

mobilization in 5 aspects, namely (1) resource mobilization; (2) mobilization of organizations

religion and tradition

Tradisi

Structure

Logic

Axiom

Ekonomi

Politics

Culture

Vol 2, No 8 August 2023

Community Participation Model And The Role Of Local

Wisdom In The Prevention Of Corruption Of Village Funds

725

https://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

and structures; (3) mobilization of resource deprivation; (4) mobilization of joint action; (5)

mobilization of relations with external parties.

First. The anti-corruption social movement in the management of Sendang village funds

has recognized and utilized existing resources, including human resources, finance, political

support, network connections, and media access, taking into account the principles of local

wisdom. (1) Human resources (members, volunteers, leaders). Local wisdom encourages the

spirit of gotong-royong and community involvement in various activities. In the anti-

corruption movement of Sentang village funds, local wisdom has inspired the recruitment of

members and volunteers who commit to eradicating corruption. Local leaders who understand

the values of local wisdom have also motivated the community to be actively involved in the

anti-corruption movement. (2) Financial resources. Local wisdom often involves the principle

of wise resource management. In the context of Sendang's village fund anti-corruption

movement, these principles have been applied to ensure village funds are used efficiently and

transparently. Careful and accountable financial management is a tangible manifestation of

the way to prevent corrupt practices that have been carried out in Sentang village. (3) Political

Support. Principles of local wisdom, such as deliberation and consensus, have become the

basis for building political support at the local level. Communities involved in the anti-

corruption movement have mobilized support from local leaders and government institutions

willing to support anti-corruption efforts. (4) Network connection and media access. Local

wisdom has fostered strong relationships within the community. The anti-corruption

movement in Sendang village has leveraged local community networks to expand its support

base and raise awareness of the devastating effects of corruption. In addition, local media

access can also be used to voice the message of the anti-corruption movement. (5) Values and

norms of local wisdom. The principles of local wisdom, such as honesty, justice, and

responsibility, became the moral foundation of the anti-corruption movement in Sentang

village. These values have established ethical guidelines in village fund management, reduced

potential violations, and strengthened awareness of the importance of corruption prevention.

Second. Local wisdom has provided a solid foundation for building the organization

and structure of anti-corruption social movements in effective village fund management in

Sentang village. The principles of local wisdom have helped form the moral and ethical basis

in organizational structures, while the values of cooperation and deliberation have become

guides in decision-making and coordination. Furthermore, local wisdom in Sendang village

includes deep moral values, such as honesty and justice. In his movement, these principles

became a strong moral and ethical basis in the organizational structure. Honesty in fund

management and efforts to eradicate corruption has become a guide for every member of

society.

The value of cooperation and community cooperation as part of local wisdom has

proven to help establish an efficient organizational structure to coordinate movement

activities. Members of the movement work together, using their expertise and resources to

achieve a common goal, which is to prevent corrupt practices in village fund management.

Interestingly, local wisdom in Sendang village often involves a community-based learning

approach. For example, paragliding communities, gentle communities, farming communities,

and pond communities. In the organizational structure of the anti-corruption movement, this

Community Participation Model And The Role Of Local

Wisdom In The Prevention Of Corruption Of Village Funds

Vol 2, No 8 August 2023

http://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

726

principle is applied to develop members' capacity in understanding corruption, good

governance, and skills needed in corruption prevention.

In addition, the value of local wisdom has also helped in the development of fair conflict

resolution mechanisms in the organizational structure of the movement. Conflicts that may

arise in the course of the movement, have been resolved based on the values of justice and

deliberation or even neglect in the social environment. Social neglect is effective because

perpetrators of corruption become ostracized and do not own or develop their resources. So

the fear of not being able to survive because of these restrictions, makes the residents of

Sendang village not commit corruption.

Third, is the mobilization of resources. The mobilization of resources in the village fund

corruption prevention movement involves local leaders, including the village head and his

staff, as well as various communities and organizations that are deeply rooted in community

life. Together, they mobilize resources to realize this noble goal.

The village chief, with a clear vision, became a pioneer in this movement. He realized

that corruption prevention is not just the government's job, but a shared responsibility of all

citizens. The village head and village administration began to design a strategy. With wise

leadership, they mobilized the human resources of the village administration to educate the

community about the adverse effects of corruption and the importance of joint supervision of

village funds. However, the strength of this movement does not only come from the village

government. Various communities and organizations in the village contributed their efforts.

The sports community utilizes the spirit of competition in their matches to form a spirit of

solidarity in the anti-corruption struggle. Village artists, with their creativity, convey

messages about transparency and integrity through art that touches people's hearts.

In addition, local economic groups also have a vital role in this movement. They not

only participate in providing funds but also provide practical guidance on wise and

responsible financial management. Organizations such as karangtaruna, which represents the

young generation of villages, help bring corruption prevention messages closer to young

people through fresh and relevant approaches. This resource mobilization is not just about

raising funds or recruiting manpower. This is a blend of the spirit of gotong-royong inherent

in Sendang's local wisdom. The principles of justice shared responsibility, and deliberation

are embodied in every step of the movement. Good coordination and awareness of common

goals form the foundation of a strong structure.

In mobilizing resources, they not only fight corruption but also form a culture of

integrity that is firmly held by every Sentang villager. Through joint efforts, this movement

can create real change. With the leadership of the Village Head and the spirit of collaboration

from various communities and organizations, corruption is no longer a shadow that haunts

village funds. Instead, a strong bond was formed between the community and the village

government, leading Sendang to a brighter future free from corruption.

Vol 2, No 8 August 2023

Community Participation Model And The Role Of Local

Wisdom In The Prevention Of Corruption Of Village Funds

727

https://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

Figure 2

Socialization of Anti-Corruption Village Counseling from the Wonogiri District

Inspectorate

Source: Secondary Data of Sendang Village

The fourth is joint action. Various stakeholders and community members, follow Anti-

corruption village socialization. This socialization is an educational forum that opens the

insight of Sendang villagers about various forms and indicators of corruption that may occur

in village fund management. Anti-corruption experts and practitioners provide a deep

understanding of the negative impacts of corruption and the importance of transparency in

village fund governance. Through expanded insights through anti-corruption village

socialization, stakeholders and residents of Sendang village can equalize their perceptions of

corruption. This common perception is the basis for minimizing potential conflicts or

unawareness of acts of corruption. With this, the people of Sendang village become more

aware of the risks and implications of corrupt practices as a detrimental act.

Furthermore, this joint action does not stop at the level of understanding alone. Sendang

residents also practice effective collaboration to maximize the use of resources and increase

the impact of the anti-corruption movement. The village government together with residents

designed SOPs (standard operating procedures) for money management and clear and open

complaint flows, which allow anyone to report indications of corruption without fear. This

complaint flow ensures that any potential acts of corruption can be addressed immediately. In

addition, Sendang village also conducted a service satisfaction survey on the use of village

funds. This collaboration allows them to get valuable feedback from the community regarding

service quality and transparency of fund management. The survey results are used as a tool

for evaluation and improvement, ensuring that any acts of corruption can be identified and

eradicated quickly. As a result and process, this joint action not only creates an environment

that minimizes corruption but also a plant that continues to grow deeply rooted in the culture

of the Sendang people.

Sixth, the pattern of relations with external parties. The Village Consultative Body

(BPD) serves as a representative of the community in supervising and providing input on

various policies made by the village government. In the context of corruption prevention,

BPD has a key role in maintaining the integrity of village fund management. Collaboration

with village governments is very important. Through open dialogue and discussion, BPD

together with village governments designed a comprehensive corruption prevention strategy.

Community Participation Model And The Role Of Local

Wisdom In The Prevention Of Corruption Of Village Funds

Vol 2, No 8 August 2023

http://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

728

Figure 3

Sendang Village Integrity Pact as an Anti-Corruption Village

Source: Secondary Data of Sendang Village

One of the tangible results of this synergy is the instrument of monitoring the work of

village heads which is jointly established. This instrument includes several key elements in

corruption prevention. First, there is an "anti-corruption integrity pact" adopted by village

heads. This pact is a written commitment to carry out its duties with integrity, transparency,

and accountability. In addition, this instrument also includes Requirements on "gratuities",

where the village head is obliged to report any gifts that exceed reasonable limits. This aims

to prevent gratification practices that can damage the integrity of village fund management.

Second, there was also a decision product in the form of "Perdes No. 6 of 2022 concerning

Gratification Control Guidelines" which binds all villagers and Sendang village officials. The

last is an anti-corruption statement letter signed by Sentang village, and known by the regional

inspectorate of Wonogiri Regency, the Head of the PMD (Village Community

Empowerment) Office of Wonogiri Regency and the head of BPD as evidence of his

resistance to corruption

The synergy between BPD and the Sendang village government, the main Sendang

village inspectorate, and the Wonogiri Regency PMD Office Head, in particular, in preventing

corruption of village funds is a clear example of good governance that can be realized through

strong collaboration. This pattern of relationships leads to the creation of an environment of

mutual understanding and support, where every step to avoid corrupt practices is guided by

the values of transparency, accountability, and justice.

Local Wisdom: Village Fund Corruption Prevention Participation Model

The participation model for corruption prevention in Sendang village fund is "Taqdim

(prioritizes) political-economic empowerment based on traditional ethics and religion".

Taqdim here is placed as the main entity that oversees the succession of political-economic

empowerment with its aim for the welfare of society. While the basis of traditional ethics and

religion is used as the main approach as well as value, which functions to close the gap of

arrogance from the welfare or desire of humans who are not satisfied with their property. The

implication is that the actions of the community, including the Sendang village government,

Vol 2, No 8 August 2023

Community Participation Model And The Role Of Local

Wisdom In The Prevention Of Corruption Of Village Funds

729

https://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

must submit to and prioritize political-economic empowerment programs based on traditional

ethics and religion.

First, five economic empowerment programs can be seen in the progress in Sentang

village. (1) The Uninhabitable House Program (RTLH) is the brainchild of the central

government which is now being developed by the Sendang village government. This program

is not only about providing decent housing for those who do not have a decent home but also

about empowering and preventing corruption.

RTLH program was originally designed by the central government with the pure aim of

improving the welfare of people living in inadequate housing conditions. But in Sentang

village, this program has been transformed with other goals. By providing opportunities for

people in need to own livable homes, this program creates stronger bonds between the village

government and its residents. Transparency and accountability are key at every stage of the

program, from recipient selection to development project implementation. While

communities receive physical benefits from the RTLH program, they also receive training on

their rights and obligations in village fund management. Awareness in the management of

public funds, to be used with transparency and integrity has been disseminated to the people

of Sentang village. This program is a vehicle for building trust between the village

government and its residents, so corrupt practices have little room to grow.

(2) Social assistance (bansos) is a program carefully designed by the central government

to meet the daily needs and food of people in need. But far more than that, this program also

symbolizes the spirit of corruption prevention and welfare maintenance that is present in

Sentang village. Through this program, transparency and accountability become more

exposed in village fund governance. Beneficiaries, every step of the way accompanied by the

principle of integrity, know that public funds are being used correctly and beneficially. In

addition, social assistance programs also create opportunities for education and training. This

not only gives communities better skills to manage their assets and resources but also

empowers them to be an active part in the oversight of village fund management. With a better

understanding of how funds are used, the people of Sendang become more alert to potential

corrupt practices.

Figure 4

Farm Business Road, Prampelan Hamlet in 2022

Source: Secondary Data of Sendang Village

Community Participation Model And The Role Of Local

Wisdom In The Prevention Of Corruption Of Village Funds

Vol 2, No 8 August 2023

http://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

730

(3) The creation of village facilities such as roads and irrigation is an investment in the

future of Sentang village. With good roads, farmers can more easily access their farmland and

transport crops. With efficient irrigation, agriculture, and plantations menjadi lebih production

plants have consistent access to the necessary water supply. All this leads to a significant

increase in crop yields. Increasing yields is not only a matter of quantity, but also quality.

Along with supporting facilities, farmers and agricultural business actors in Sendang village

can more easily manage their crops, maintain environmental cleanliness, and minimize the

risk of loss. Better and more diverse yields will have a positive impact on the income of

villagers, thus creating more stable and sustainable economic resilience.

Furthermore, the expected chain effect of this program is the absence of corruption in

Sentang village. This hope becomes logical because corruption on the grounds of economic

limitations is no longer experienced by villagers who are increasingly prosperous as an initial

effect of village facilities built. With this, it can also be understood that the village government

of Sendang, has created a road that connects economic growth and corruption prevention.

This great effort creates a strong foundation for the community to achieve better prosperity

through better crop yields.

(4) MSMEs. Development and mentoring programs initiated by the village government

have had a positive impact on the local economy. While it may yet reach an impressive level

of significance, the village government has proven that it is not only speaking out but also

acting for the welfare of the community. This periodic mentoring initiative by the Sendang

village government for MSMEs has provided a kind of bond of trust in the Sendang village

government. This is good news for the village government, as an opportunity to encourage

active community participation in the anti-corruption movement.

(5) The development of the village into a tourist destination, not only opens new doors

of broken eyes, but also bright doors of hope for the community. This tourism village initiative

has made rural communities more empowered, and allowed them to preserve and develop

their village's potential, without having to leave their hometown. This transformation has

instilled a sense of love, pride, and hope for a better future, while also strengthening the

resilience of the village economy and preventing potential acts of corruption.

In the context of corruption prevention, this effort also has a relatively significant effect.

With stronger economic resilience, the urgent need for income can be reduced. This reduces

the potential for pressure that can encourage corrupt behavior. In addition, the spirit of

collaboration and love for the village has created strong social bonds among the community.

This creates an environment where corrupt practices lack ground and support. Based on this

fact, it can be understood that the development of Sendang village as a tourism village is an

inspiring example of how economic empowerment, local pride, and collective spirit can help

in corruption prevention. By fostering local opportunities, rural communities have established

a solid foundation for a better future, where village potential and integrity become valuable

assets that are fought for together.

Second, two political empowerment programs can be seen in their progress in Sendang

Village, namely the Village of restorative justice and the village guard prosecutor. (1)

Restorative justice. Restorative justice, as an alternative approach in the legal system, has

great potential to be an effective tool in preventing corruption of village funds in Sendang.

Vol 2, No 8 August 2023

Community Participation Model And The Role Of Local

Wisdom In The Prevention Of Corruption Of Village Funds

731

https://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

This approach focuses not only on punishment, but also on the restoration of social relations,

reimbursement, and political empowerment. Through the implementation of restorative

justice as a political empowerment program, Sendang Village can create an environment that

is more transparent, and accountable and avoids corrupt practices. First of all, restorative

justice emphasizes the restoration of social relations and reconciliation. In the context of

corruption prevention, this approach can encourage honest dialogue between perpetrators of

corruption, affected parties, and society as a whole. Through this dialogue, the guilty parties

can understand the adverse effects of their corrupt acts on society and the surrounding

environment. This creates a deeper moral awareness of the consequences of acts of corruption

and increases their sense of responsibility to society.

Furthermore, restorative justice provides an opportunity to return losses to affected

parties. In the case of corrupted village funds, this approach can allow the guilty party to

return the embezzled funds. This process not only compensates the loss-making party but also

proves that real consequences will arise from acts of corruption. This can be a lesson for other

actors and society. Political empowerment is also at the core of restorative justice. By

providing space for community participation in the conflict recovery and resolution process,

this approach gives communities a more active role in maintaining accountability and

integrity. This active participation can create a stronger internal oversight system, where the

public feels a responsibility to prevent and address corrupt practices.

In addition, restorative justice can help change the paradigm of punishment and allow

perpetrators of corruption to take responsibility for their actions. This creates opportunities

for rehabilitation and learning, where the offender can learn from his mistakes and change

their behavior for the better. By providing this second chance, this approach can reduce future

cycles of corrupt behavior. Overall, restorative justice as a political empowerment program

has the potential to significantly contribute to the prevention of corruption in Sentang village

funds. Through an approach that focuses on rapprochement, restoration, and political

empowerment, restorative justice can help create a more secure environment from corrupt

practices. By involving communities in the conflict resolution process, restorative justice can

be an effective tool in realizing transparency, accountability, and integrity in village fund

management.

(2) The village prosecutor. The Village Attorney Program implemented in Sendang

village is a progressive step that has a positive impact on preventing corruption of village

funds. This program has clear objectives: to ensure the implementation of Village Funds that

are on target, avoid deviations, and improve the standard of living and welfare of the

community. With a focus on transparency, accountability, and sustainability, the program

helps realize more efficient and effective village fund management.

First of all, the Village Attorney program encourages increased transparency in the

implementation of Village Funds. Through active supervision, village prosecutors ensure that

every decision and allocation of funds can be properly explained to the community. This

reduces the space for corrupt practices that may occur as information becomes more open and

verifiable. Thus, this program intensifies community involvement in supervising village fund

management. Furthermore, the Village Prosecutor helps ensure that village funds are used for

the benefit of the community. By targeting the implementation of Village Funds that have a

direct impact on improving the standard of living and welfare of the community, this program

Community Participation Model And The Role Of Local

Wisdom In The Prevention Of Corruption Of Village Funds

Vol 2, No 8 August 2023

http://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

732

avoids deviations or allocation of funds for personal interests or certain groups. This creates

an environment where people's interests are at the center of policy and decision-making.

In addition, this program encourages Sendang village to become more economically

independent. The focus on investment and more sustainable development shows that villages

not only look at the physical side of development but also strive to create ecosystems that

support long-term economic growth. By focusing attention on sectors of the economy that

have the potential to generate sustainable income, villages can reduce dependence on village

funds and minimize the potential for corrupt practices. All of these initiatives help create an

environment where corrupt practices have little room to thrive. With greater transparency, a

focus on community services, and sustainable investment, Sendang village is moving towards

a more effective village fund management system that avoids irregularities. Through the

Village Attorney program, Sendang Village shows that corruption prevention is not only a

goal, but also the result of planned, directed, and sustainable efforts.

Types of Social Measures and Corruption Prevention of Village Funds

Here are four types of social actions described by Max Weber in the context of

preventing corruption of Sendang village funds. First, rational action with the purpose

(zweckrational). Sendang Village funds corruption prevention measures which can be

understood as rational actions to establish a structured supervision mechanism. Village

governments and communities can plan and implement efficient monitoring systems to ensure

that village funds are used transparently and for their purpose. In this case, rational action

with the aim focuses on achieving the desired result, that is, preventing the occurrence of

corruption.

Second, actions based on Values (wertrational). Value-based corruption prevention

measures can emerge in the form of education and socialization campaigns on the importance

of integrity and transparency in village fund management. In this case, actions are based on

the ethical and moral values espoused by the people of Sentang village. The campaign aims

to create collective awareness about the adverse effects of corruption and inspire actions that

conform to those values. Third, traditional actions. In the context of corruption prevention,

traditional actions can be reflected in the efforts of village governments and communities to

follow customary norms and practices that already exist in village fund management. They

may apply traditional procedures that have been tested before, such as decision-making

through deliberation or following customary procedures for the use of funds. This act reflects

adherence to the norms that already exist in society.

Fourth, affective or emotional (affective) actions. Corruption prevention actions driven

by emotions or feelings can manifest in the active participation of villagers in anti-corruption

discussions or ethics-conscious movements. This action arises from a feeling of desire to

maintain integrity and overcome corruption problems. Participation in such movements

reflects feelings of empathy, anger, or disappointment with acts of corruption. In the context

of preventing corruption in Sentang village funds, these types of social actions play a role in

forming more holistic strategies and initiatives to prevent corrupt practices. Each type of

action represents a different aspect of corruption prevention measures that can involve

communities and village governments in various ways according to their social values, goals,

and norms.

Vol 2, No 8 August 2023

Community Participation Model And The Role Of Local

Wisdom In The Prevention Of Corruption Of Village Funds

733

https://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

CONCLUSION

The model and the form of participation of Sendang villagers in preventing corruption

of village funds is illustrated by the premise of "Taqdim" political-economic empowerment

based on traditional ethics and religion". This model then also carried out five resource

mobilizations to achieve corruption prevention of village funds. The realization of this model

can then be grouped into types of social action consisting of actions based on goals, values,

affections, and traditions. Based on the conclusion of the thesis, this study has succeeded in

finding a model of community participation and the role of local wisdom in preventing

corruption of village funds. Thus, this study has provided new insights into preventing

corruption of village funds through the integration of participation models and the role of local

wisdom. In practical terms, this insight can automatically be used as a consideration for

policymakers in determining the prevention of corruption in village funds. However, this

study is not perfect. Although studies have found a middle ground on the effectiveness and

efficiency of village fund corruption prevention these findings cannot be a common model

for the implications of corruption prevention in Indonesia. Thus, this study suggests future

studies conduct a comparative study of participation models and the role of local wisdom in

corruption prevention in Indonesia. Thus, from the comparative study can be found a

corruption prevention model, which may be used as a consideration for the Indonesian

government in making a general policy.

REFERENCES

Desa Sendang. (2023). Sendang-Wonogiri. Retrieved from Desa Sendang Kabupaten

Wonogiri: http://sendang-wonogiri.desa.id/desa-anti-korupsi.

Eriksson, D. (2021). Corruption Perceptions Index 2021. Retrieved from Transparency

International: https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2021/index/nzl.

Eriksson, D. (2022). Transparency International. Retrieved from CORRUPTION

PERCEPTIONS INDEX: https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2022.

Indonesian, Corruption Watch. (2019). Catatan Tahunan: Indonesia Corruption Watch 2018.

Retrieved from https://antikorupsi.org/id/catatantahunan/2018/indonesia-corruption-

watch-2018.

Irawati. (2013). Kearfan Lokal dan Pemberantasan Korupsi dalam Borokrasi. Mimbar, 29(1),

101-110.

Koeswara, H. (2023). Strategi, Pemerintah Nagari Kamang Hilia, Desa Anti Korupsi.

Padang: E-Skripsi Universitas Andalas. Retrieved from

http://scholar.unand.ac.id/203080/.

Mahmudah, S. (2022). Penerapan Kearifan Lokal dalam Pendidikan Antikorupsi. Jurnal

Penelitian Multidisiplin Ilmu, 1(3), 343-354.

Portal Resmi Provinsi Jawa Tengah. (2021, September 29). Portal Berita Pemerintah Provinsi

Jawa Tengah. Retrieved from Jatengprov.go.id:

https://jatengprov.go.id/beritadaerah/desa-sendang-terbaik-nasional-keterbukaan-

informasi-publik-desa/.

Research, and Development Centre for Society and Culture. (2020). Etnografi Dana Desa:

Studi tentang Dinamika Pengelolaan Dana Desa pada Masyarakat Perdesaan. Jakarta:

Research and Development Centre for Society and Culture.

Community Participation Model And The Role Of Local

Wisdom In The Prevention Of Corruption Of Village Funds

Vol 2, No 8 August 2023

http://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js

734

Suyadi, Waharjani, H., Sumaryati, Sukmayadi, T., & Faturahman, D. (2020). Profil Da'i

Antikorupsi. Yogyakarta: UAD Press. Retrieved from

https://eprints.uad.ac.id/38300/2/Profil%20Dai%20Antikorupsi%20(1).pdf.

Suyadi, Waharjani, Sumaryati, Sukmayadi, T., & Siraj, S. B. (2022). Mosque-based anti-

corruption village: Community empowerment program in Prenggan, Kemantren

Kotagede Yogyakarta. Community Empowerment, 7(8), 1344-1355. Retrieved from

https://eprints.uad.ac.id/38157/1/Artikel%20Mosque%20September%202022.pdf.

Wibawa, D. S., Agustian, M., & Warmiyati, M. T. (2021). Pendidikan Anti Korupsi sebagai

Tindakan Preventif Perilaku Koruptif. MUQODDIMA Jurnal Pemikiran dan Riset

Sosiologi, 2(1), 1-18.

Eko Handoyo, Wahyu Beny Mukti Setiyawan, Natal Kristiono, Siti Muslikhatul

Ummah, Muhammad Wildan Khunaefi, Fathurrahman Prasetyo Aji (2023)

First publication right:

JoSS - Journal of Social Science

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0

International