Collaborative Governance In The Control Of Street Vendors On Jendral Urip Sumoharjo Street

Street vendors are often the cause of disturbances in public peace and order, including in Surakarta City, especially on Jendral Urip Sumoharjo Street. Jendral Urip Sumoharjo Street is an orderly area in Surakarta City and is often the center of major events. The purpose of this study is to map the process of collaboration between stakeholders in regulating street vendors on Jendral Urip Sumoharjo Street. Analysis is seen from three components, namely principled engagement, shared motivation and capacity for joint action. This research uses qualitative research methods with a case study approach. Data collection techniques with interviews, observation and documentation. The data analysis technique used is interactive analysis and the validity of the data used is a triangulation technique. The results showed that the process of collaboration between stakeholders in this regulation through three components. This can be seen from the principled engagement component that starts from what drives collaboration, namely the results of routine patrols and community complaints that enter Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Surakarta City. Followed by a coordination meeting by several stakeholders to reach an agreement, but did not involve street vendors and the community. The component of shared motivation begins with mutual trust through the duties, functions and authorities of several stakeholders which are then manifested into a letter of assignment accompanied by their respective commitments. Ending with the component of capacity for joint actions through regulation based on established commitments. In this case, street vendors are involved not as a control team but rather as targets in the order. This shows that the government's role is most dominant in every component of the collaboration process in regulating street vendors on Jendral Urip Sumoharjo Street.


INTRODUCTION
Public services are regulated in Law Number 25 of 2009 which states that public services are activities or series of activities to fulfill service needs by laws and regulations for every citizen and resident of goods, services, and/or administrative services provided by public service providers. Public service organizations are obliged to carry out public services for formation. Good implementation has an impact that can be felt by the community. Public service providers in creating a quality service is not an easy thing. Not a few problems occur due to public services that are held because they are still lacking (djpb. cemented.go.id, 2021). road function disruption to severe congestion along Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo.
The existence of street vendors that are not by this regulation is found through routine patrols of the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit and the number of complaints that come through complaint channels, such as ULAS, Instagram, TikTok, Twitter, WhatsApp, etc. Many of the street vendors in Surakarta City violate local regulations (satpolpp. Surakarta.go.id, 2023). Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Number 42 of 2012 concerning Guidelines for Structuring and Empowering Street Vendors explains that street vendors need to be organized and empowered. This is in line with Surakarta City Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2008 concerning Street Vendor Management which also mentions the structuring, coaching, and supervision of street vendors in Surakarta City. The regulation states that the control over the implementation of this regional regulation is carried out by the Civil Service Police Unit.
In addition to violating Surakarta City Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2008, street vendors also violate Surakarta City Regional Regulation Number 10 of 2022 concerning the Implementation of Transportation and Surakarta City Regional Regulation Number 10 of 2015 concerning Environmental Protection and Management. The existence of these various regulations implies that street vendors have long been a concern of both central and local governments. The attention of the government, especially the Surakarta City Government, to the existence of street vendors has begun since the era of the leadership of Mayor H.R. Hartomo which was then continued by Imam Soetopo, Slamet Suryanto, and Joko Widodo.
Based on the explanation above, the existence of street vendors who cause disturbances to public order should be handled jointly by relevant agencies. Solving this problem requires clear standard operating procedures from each agency. Performance must be regulated in such a way and have its standard of operation (SOP) (Rivai & Sagala, 2011). At this point, a collaboration between relevant agencies is needed so that the problem of disorderly street vendors can be overcome optimally.
The concept of collaborative governance itself emphasizes equal interaction, no one is dominated or dominated in the policy process or decision-making (Sranko, 2011). This means that neither party feels disadvantaged or cheated because the solution or solution to the problem taken is the result of a joint decision so that it will not cause problems in the future because related parties feel that the solution taken is the result of a joint decision by taking into account the existing situation and conditions. Several previous studies have stated the importance of collaborative governance in anticipating and solving a problem (Ratner et al., 2013), (Lu & Li, 2020), (Osei-Kyei et al., 2019), Rokhim et al. 2020, Stepanova et al. 2020, (Russell et al., 2021), (Chang et al., 2022), (Kim et al., 2023. Collaborative governance is also needed in every public policy decisionmaking (Johansson, 2018), (Liu & Xu, 2018), (Erikson & Larsson, 2022), (Li et al., 2022), (Paliokaitė & Sadauskaitė, 2023). Based on the explanation of previous research, it can be concluded that in collaborative governance no party feels disadvantaged or cheated because the solution or problem-solving taken is the result of a joint decision so that it will not cause problems in the future because related parties feel that the solution taken is the result of a joint decision by taking into account the existing situation and conditions.
Looking at these problems, this study examines collaborative governance in regulating street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo. The purpose of this study is to obtain a map of the occurrence of a process of collaboration between stakeholders in regulating street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo both in describing stakeholder involvement and trust between stakeholders to the capacity of each stakeholder.

METHOD RESEARCH
Data collection techniques were used in this study through interviews, observation, and documentation. The interview was conducted with several speakers, namely the Secretary of the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit, one staff of the Surakarta City Trade Office, one staff of the Surakarta City Transportation Office, one member of Denpom IV / 4 Diponegoro, one member of the Surakarta 0735 Regional Command, one member of the Surakarta Regional Police, the surrounding community and the street vendors themselves. Observations were made by visiting the research site three times by observing the presence of street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo. The documents analyzed are Surakarta City Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2008, Surakarta City Regional Regulation Number 10 of 2022, Surakarta Mayor Regulation Number 17-B of 2012, Surakarta Mayor Regulation 2-G of 2013, Surakarta Mayor Regulation Number 40 of 2021, minutes of coordination meeting on the orderly area control plan on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo, report on control activities in the orderly area on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo, a letter of accountability for the coordination meeting of the orderly area control plan on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo, and a letter of responsibility for the regulation in an orderly area on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo.
Data analysis was carried out qualitatively concerning (Miles & Huberman, 2007), namely interactive analysis techniques. The data obtained is reduced by summarizing, sorting, and focusing on data from the research, namely collaborative governance in regulating street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo. The data is reduced to a report description and then sorted and categorized. This is done to choose which information is appropriate and not by the research problem and continues until the final research report is completed. Data is presented in the form of narrative text by adding several tables and supporting images derived from data analysis that has been carried out. The results of the data source analysis are presented to answer research questions and describe collaborative governance analysis in regulating street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo. Conclusions are carried out by collecting information related to the results of the answers to the problem statement, by the frame of mind. The conclusion comes from the reduction of the data presented logically and systematically.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Number 41 of 2012 states that street vendors are business actors who conduct trading business using mobile and immobile business facilities, using city infrastructure, social facilities, public facilities, land and buildings owned by the government and/or private that are temporary / not settled.
Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Number 41 of 2012 also explains the arrangement and empowerment of street vendors. The arrangement of street vendors is an effort made by the local government through the determination of fostered locations to determine, move, regulate, and eliminate the location of street vendors by taking

Collaborative Governance In The Control Of Street Vendors On Jendral Urip Sumoharjo Street Vol 2, No 8 August 2023
Joss.Al-Makkipublisher.Com/Index.Php/Js 654 into account public interests, social, aesthetics, health, economy, security, order, environmental cleanliness and by laws and regulations. While the empowerment of street vendors is an effort made by the government, local governments, the business world, and the community synergistically in the form of growing the business climate and business development of street vendors so that they can grow and develop both the quality and quantity of their business.
The above explanation is in line with Surakarta City Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2008 concerning Street Vendor Management that the existence of street vendors needs to be managed, organized, and empowered in such a way that their existence provides added value or benefits for economic growth and city society and creates a good and healthy environment. The existence of street vendors is an informal sector trading business that affects the surrounding environmental conditions. Surakarta City Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2008 was made to realize Surakarta City as a clean, healthy, neat, and beautiful city (BERSERI) by its vision and mission as a trading city, as well as to meet the interests of the Regional Government and street vendors and protect the community. Surakarta City Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2008 appoints the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit as the enforcer of regional regulations to regulate the implementation of these regional regulations and appoints the Surakarta City Trade Office as the agency that manages street vendors. This regulation is followed by Surakarta Mayor Regulation Number 17-B of 2012 concerning Guidelines for the Implementation of Surakarta City Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2008 concerning Street Vendor Management.
The Surakarta City Government said that the location of the street vendor business is the roadside of Surakarta City which does not result in disruption of road functions with the provision of business time from 17.00 to 05.00 WIB. Street vendors can carry out business activities in public facilities as a form of participation during the implementation of official activities by the City Government and/or private parties with the provision that the building must be demolished and maintain order and cleanliness of the business environment until the completion of the activity.
Everyone who conducts street vendor business in public facilities designated and controlled by the Regional Government must have a placement permit issued by the Mayor, signed by the Head of the Office on behalf of the Mayor of Surakarta. In maintaining order, security, peace, and cleanliness, street vendors are prohibited from conducting business activities in places such as public facilities, ditches, embankments, city parks, sidewalks, slow lanes, green lanes, cultural heritage, monuments, schools, heroes' cemetery, offices or government buildings and places of worship.
On the other hand, the reality that occurs in the field is that there are still many street vendors who violate the rules set by the City Government. Many street vendors in Surakarta City sell untimely, out of place such as public facilities, ditches, sidewalks, slow lanes, green lanes, places of worship, etc. These street vendors also cause congestion on some roads, leave food waste and cause other problems.
The number of street vendors in Surakarta City until 2023 is 828 street vendors. This number is only street vendors located in shelters that have been provided by the Surakarta The number of street vendors is increasing along with the many developments and events in Surakarta City. The growth of street vendors in Surakarta City can be seen in street vendors located in Taman Bandung Tirtonadi, Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque area, Surakarta City Hall area, and Pasar Gede. The construction of Taman Bandung Tirtonadi and Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque made street vendors flock to sell in the area. This also happens in the Surakarta City Hall and Pasar Gede areas because of the many events held in the area.
Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo is part of an orderly area in Surakarta City. Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo is the face of Surakarta City because of the many trading activities that can increase the local original income (PAD) of Surakarta City. On the other hand, trading activities carried out by street vendors also cause disturbances to public order so it needs to be regulated by the competent authorities. Where the agency authorized to carry out control is the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit.
At the stage of routine patrols and follow-up complaints from the community by the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit, dissemination of Regional Regulations, and appeals to street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo regarding violations committed. At this stage, Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit personnel agreed with street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo regarding time tolerance to find solutions, including switching operating hours or changing places to sell. Street vendors who were still committing offenses after one week of dealing were given the first warning letter. In the first warning letter, it was also written an invitation for the street vendor to attend the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit Office. The call to street vendors to attend the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit Office is also a form of anticipation of a commotion in the field. Traders who fulfill the call are given guidance by personnel of the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit.
Street vendors who still commit violations five days after being given the first warning letter are given a second warning letter. Street vendors who still commit violations three days after being given a second warning letter are given a third warning letter. Street vendors still commit violations one day after being given a third warning letter, then a crackdown is carried out.
Stakeholders involved in regulating street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo are the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit, Surakarta City Trade Office, Surakarta City Transportation Office, Denpom IV / 4 Diponegoro, Surakarta Regional Command 0735 and Surakarta Police. This was conveyed by several speakers related to stakeholder involvement in handling street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo.
This shows that there is a collaboration between several stakeholders in efforts to handle street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo. The meeting involved only several stakeholders to discuss problems in the field, explain what actions have been taken and how further actions will be taken. Efforts from the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit and the Surakarta City Trade Office to prevent violations committed by street vendors in Surakarta City have been implemented for a long time.
On the other hand, there is one problem that has arisen since December 2021. This is due to changes in the structure of the work procedure organization (SOTK) within the

Collaborative Governance In The Control Of Street Vendors On Jendral Urip Sumoharjo Street Vol 2, No 8 August 2023
Surakarta City Government. Based on Surakarta Mayor Regulation Number 40 of 2021 concerning the position, organizational structure, duties and functions, and work procedures of regional offices, the Surakarta City Trade Office no longer has the field of street vendors. The change in the composition of the work procedure organization (SOTK) mentions three fields in the Surakarta City Trade Office, namely the field of export development and marketing of domestic products, the field of trade distribution facilities, and the field of service and trade development. This change in the structure of the work procedure organization (SOTK) caused a gray zone in handling street vendors in Surakarta City. The main duties and functions of each agency related to standard operating procedures in handling the disorder of street vendors in Surakarta City have become unclear. It should be recalled that Surakarta City Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2008 appoints the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit as the enforcer of regional regulations to regulate the implementation of these regional regulations and appoints the Surakarta City Trade Office as the agency that manages street vendors.
Looking at the involvement of stakeholders both from government and non-government parties, this study analyzes collaborative governance in regulating street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo. The author uses the theory of collaborative governance according to (Emerson & Nabatchi, 2015) which states that the collaboration process within the framework of collaborative governance consists of three components, namely principled engagement, shared motivation, and capacity for joint action. Source: processed from primary and secondary data, 2023

CONCLUSION
Based on the discussion in the previous chapter, it can be concluded that collaborative governancein regulating street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo is fully through three processes according to (Emerson & Nabatchi, 2015), namely:

Principled engagement
The implementation of the regulation of street vendors in General Urip Sumoharjo involved several stakeholders including the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit, Surakarta City Trade Office, Surakarta City Transportation Office, Denpom IV / 4 Diponegoro, Surakarta Regional Command 0735, Surakarta Police. In principled engagement there are basic processes, namely: a. Discovery The thing that drives the collaboration is starting from the results of routine patrols of the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit and public complaints that enter the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit. b. Deliberation

Collaborative Governance In The Control Of Street Vendors On Jendral Urip Sumoharjo Street
Face-to-face meetings and information exchanges were held when a coordination meeting was held to regulate street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo on June 15, 2023, held by the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit without involving the community and the street vendors themselves. The community only plays a role in making complaints and street vendors are only given guidance by the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit, not involved in coordination meetings. c. Determination The agreement was produced through a coordination meeting on the control of street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo on June 15, 2023, held by the Surakarta City Civil Service Police Unit without involving the community and the street vendors themselves.

Shared motivation
The common motivation related to trust and understanding of each part in making efforts not only carried out in one field but carried out together by their respective fields that tried to suppress violations of street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo. Any exchange of information and joint coordination is carried out in meetings or coordination meetings as described in the previous principled engagement. In this shared motivation seen from: a. Mutual trust What underlies mutual trust is the duties, functions, and authorities of several stakeholders. Followed by an agreement on the results of the coordination meeting on the regulation of street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo. b. Internal legitimation Internal legitimacy in this case is manifested in letters of assignment or warrants issued by several stakeholders. c. Commitment This commitment occurs because of the influence of the establishment of mutual trust and internal legitimacy of several stakeholders. This is stated in the commitment of several stakeholders in the implementation of regulating street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo. Where this commitment occurs without involving the community and the street vendors themselves.

Capacity for joint action
The regulation of street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo will be carried out on June 22 and 26, 2023 at 13.00 WIB by carrying out the roles of several stakeholders that have been mutually agreed upon in the previous coordination meeting without involving the community and street vendors. Street vendors on Jalan Jendral Urip Sumoharjo were involved not as a control team but were targeted in the crackdown. The author gives the following recommendations: 1. Redrafting or improving Regional Regulations on the management of street vendors along with more detailed clarity on the division of main duties and functions. 2. There is no standard operating procedure across agencies in collaboration so the tasks and functions of related agencies become gray. Therefore, it is necessary to have a Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) that is accepted by all parties in collaboration to regulate street vendors in Surakarta City. 3. Data and communication between stakeholders are still not optimal, so it is necessary to hold regular meetings at least once a month to discuss the development of work programs and recommit each stakeholder involved to revive the commitment of each stakeholder in their involvement. 4. The role of regions needs to be increased to provide socialization of understanding related to Regional Regulations to street vendors in their respective regions. (Kumar & Palaniyappan, 2023)